Ges investigates how ‘systems’ approaches (‘systems thinking’ and ‘systems engineering’) can be applied to structure socio-technical problems, and to design and analyse a wide range of engineering solutions and policy interventions, with specific application to infrastructure and city futures.  This includes researching how to innovate and add value through transdisciplinary and collaborative approaches (coproduction and co-creation), and applying systems modelling to improve the management of interconnectivity in a complex ‘system of systems’.  These approaches hold the prospect of improving societal outcomes such as sustainability, resilience, tackling inequality, and enhancing health and well-being, and this is a principal driver for his research.