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Abstract
The programmable sequential actuation of two-dimensional hydrogel membranes into three-dimensional folded architectures has been achieved by combining ionoprinting and redox chemistry; this methodology permits the programmed evolution of complex architectures triggered through localized out-of-plane deformations. In our study we describe a soft actuator which utilizes ionoprinting of iron and vanadium, with the selective reduction of iron through a mild reducing agent, to achieve chemically controlled sequential folding. Through the optimization of solvent polarity and ionoprinting variables (voltage, duration and anode composition), we have shown how the actuation pathways, rate-of-movement and magnitude of angular rotation can be controlled for the design of a 4D sequential actuator.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 10LT02 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Smart Materials and Structures |
Volume | 25 |
Issue number | 10 |
Early online date | 16 Sep 2016 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Oct 2016 |
Keywords
- Hydrogels
- Ionoprinting
- Actuators
- Sequential Actuation
- Selective Redox
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