A Flexible 2.45-GHz Power Harvesting Wristband with Net System Output from -24.3 dBm of RF Power

Salah Eddine Adami; Plamen Proynov; Geoffrey S. Hilton; Guang Yang; Chunhong Zhang; Dibin Zhu; Yi Li; Steve P. Beeby; Ian J. Craddock; Bernard H. Stark

doi:10.1109/TMTT.2017.2700299

A Flexible 2.45-GHz Power Harvesting Wristband with Net System Output from -24.3 dBm of RF Power

Salah Eddine Adami^*, Plamen Proynov, Geoffrey S. Hilton, Guang Yang, Chunhong Zhang, Dibin Zhu, Yi Li, Steve P. Beeby, Ian J. Craddock, Bernard H. Stark

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

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Abstract

This paper presents a flexible 2.45-GHz wireless power harvesting wristband that generates a net dc output from a -24.3-dBm RF input. This is the lowest reported system sensitivity for systems comprising a rectenna and impedance-matching power management. A complete system has been implemented comprising: a fabric antenna, a rectifier on rigid substrate, a contactless electrical connection between rigid and flexible subsystems, and power electronics impedance matching. Various fabric and flexible materials are electrically characterized at 2.45 GHz using the two-line and the T-resonator methods. Selected materials are used to design an all-textile antenna, which demonstrates a radiation efficiency above 62% on a phantom irrespective of location, and a stable radiation pattern. The rectifier, designed on a rigid substrate, shows a best-in-class efficiency of 33.6% at -20 dBm. A reliable, efficient, and wideband contactless connection between the fabric antenna and the rectifier is created using broadside-coupled microstrip lines, with an insertion loss below 1 dB from 1.8 to over 10 GHz. A self-powered boost converter with a quiescent current of 150 nA matches the rectenna output with a matching efficiency above 95%. The maximum end-to-end efficiency is 28.7% at -7 dBm. The wristband harvester demonstrates net positive energy harvesting from -24.3 dBm, a 7.3-dB improvement on the state of the art.

Original language	English
Article number	7955016
Pages (from-to)	380-395
Number of pages	16
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
Volume	66
Issue number	1
Early online date	22 Jun 2017
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2017.2700299
Publication status	Published - 1 Jan 2018

Research Groups and Themes

Digital Health
SPHERE

Keywords

Boost converter
fabric antenna
fabric-to-PCB connector
Internet of Things
power management
rectenna array
rectenna impedance matching
rectennas
RF energy harvesting
RF power transfer
smart fabric
T-resonator method
textile antenna
two-line method
Digital Health

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10.1109/TMTT.2017.2700299

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Final published version, 8.77 MBLicence: CC BY

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Cite this

@article{e3d39a013b944aa2814dd21decb14131,

title = "A Flexible 2.45-GHz Power Harvesting Wristband with Net System Output from -24.3 dBm of RF Power",

abstract = "This paper presents a flexible 2.45-GHz wireless power harvesting wristband that generates a net dc output from a -24.3-dBm RF input. This is the lowest reported system sensitivity for systems comprising a rectenna and impedance-matching power management. A complete system has been implemented comprising: a fabric antenna, a rectifier on rigid substrate, a contactless electrical connection between rigid and flexible subsystems, and power electronics impedance matching. Various fabric and flexible materials are electrically characterized at 2.45 GHz using the two-line and the T-resonator methods. Selected materials are used to design an all-textile antenna, which demonstrates a radiation efficiency above 62% on a phantom irrespective of location, and a stable radiation pattern. The rectifier, designed on a rigid substrate, shows a best-in-class efficiency of 33.6% at -20 dBm. A reliable, efficient, and wideband contactless connection between the fabric antenna and the rectifier is created using broadside-coupled microstrip lines, with an insertion loss below 1 dB from 1.8 to over 10 GHz. A self-powered boost converter with a quiescent current of 150 nA matches the rectenna output with a matching efficiency above 95%. The maximum end-to-end efficiency is 28.7% at -7 dBm. The wristband harvester demonstrates net positive energy harvesting from -24.3 dBm, a 7.3-dB improvement on the state of the art.",

keywords = "Boost converter, fabric antenna, fabric-to-PCB connector, Internet of Things, power management, rectenna array, rectenna impedance matching, rectennas, RF energy harvesting, RF power transfer, smart fabric, T-resonator method, textile antenna, two-line method, Digital Health",

author = "Adami, {Salah Eddine} and Plamen Proynov and Hilton, {Geoffrey S.} and Guang Yang and Chunhong Zhang and Dibin Zhu and Yi Li and Beeby, {Steve P.} and Craddock, {Ian J.} and Stark, {Bernard H.}",

year = "2018",

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doi = "10.1109/TMTT.2017.2700299",

language = "English",

volume = "66",

pages = "380--395",

journal = "IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques",

issn = "0018-9480",

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AU - Adami, Salah Eddine

AU - Proynov, Plamen

AU - Hilton, Geoffrey S.

AU - Yang, Guang

AU - Zhang, Chunhong

AU - Zhu, Dibin

AU - Li, Yi

AU - Beeby, Steve P.

AU - Craddock, Ian J.

AU - Stark, Bernard H.

PY - 2018/1/1

Y1 - 2018/1/1

N2 - This paper presents a flexible 2.45-GHz wireless power harvesting wristband that generates a net dc output from a -24.3-dBm RF input. This is the lowest reported system sensitivity for systems comprising a rectenna and impedance-matching power management. A complete system has been implemented comprising: a fabric antenna, a rectifier on rigid substrate, a contactless electrical connection between rigid and flexible subsystems, and power electronics impedance matching. Various fabric and flexible materials are electrically characterized at 2.45 GHz using the two-line and the T-resonator methods. Selected materials are used to design an all-textile antenna, which demonstrates a radiation efficiency above 62% on a phantom irrespective of location, and a stable radiation pattern. The rectifier, designed on a rigid substrate, shows a best-in-class efficiency of 33.6% at -20 dBm. A reliable, efficient, and wideband contactless connection between the fabric antenna and the rectifier is created using broadside-coupled microstrip lines, with an insertion loss below 1 dB from 1.8 to over 10 GHz. A self-powered boost converter with a quiescent current of 150 nA matches the rectenna output with a matching efficiency above 95%. The maximum end-to-end efficiency is 28.7% at -7 dBm. The wristband harvester demonstrates net positive energy harvesting from -24.3 dBm, a 7.3-dB improvement on the state of the art.

AB - This paper presents a flexible 2.45-GHz wireless power harvesting wristband that generates a net dc output from a -24.3-dBm RF input. This is the lowest reported system sensitivity for systems comprising a rectenna and impedance-matching power management. A complete system has been implemented comprising: a fabric antenna, a rectifier on rigid substrate, a contactless electrical connection between rigid and flexible subsystems, and power electronics impedance matching. Various fabric and flexible materials are electrically characterized at 2.45 GHz using the two-line and the T-resonator methods. Selected materials are used to design an all-textile antenna, which demonstrates a radiation efficiency above 62% on a phantom irrespective of location, and a stable radiation pattern. The rectifier, designed on a rigid substrate, shows a best-in-class efficiency of 33.6% at -20 dBm. A reliable, efficient, and wideband contactless connection between the fabric antenna and the rectifier is created using broadside-coupled microstrip lines, with an insertion loss below 1 dB from 1.8 to over 10 GHz. A self-powered boost converter with a quiescent current of 150 nA matches the rectenna output with a matching efficiency above 95%. The maximum end-to-end efficiency is 28.7% at -7 dBm. The wristband harvester demonstrates net positive energy harvesting from -24.3 dBm, a 7.3-dB improvement on the state of the art.

KW - Boost converter

KW - fabric antenna

KW - fabric-to-PCB connector

KW - Internet of Things

KW - power management

KW - rectenna array

KW - rectenna impedance matching

KW - rectennas

KW - RF energy harvesting

KW - RF power transfer

KW - smart fabric

KW - T-resonator method

KW - textile antenna

KW - two-line method

KW - Digital Health

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DO - 10.1109/TMTT.2017.2700299

M3 - Article (Academic Journal)

AN - SCOPUS:85023753505

SN - 0018-9480

VL - 66

SP - 380

EP - 395

JO - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques

JF - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques

IS - 1

M1 - 7955016

ER -

A Flexible 2.45-GHz Power Harvesting Wristband with Net System Output from -24.3 dBm of RF Power

Abstract

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Dr Geoff Hilton

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A Flexible 2.45-GHz Power Harvesting Wristband with Net System Output from -24.3 dBm of RF Power

Abstract

Research Groups and Themes

Keywords

Access to Document

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Fingerprint

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Dr Geoff Hilton

Professor Bernard H Stark

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