Abstract
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an immune-mediated inflammatory central nervous system disorder characterized by acute or subacute onset of multifocal neurologic deficits with headache and impaired conscious level. Acute haemorrhagic leuoko-encephalitis (AHEM) is a more sever, often fatal variant. These disorders often follows a viral illness or vaccination, and are usually monophasic, though (probably more commonly in childhood) a multiphasic variant of ADEM is recognized. Because of the relative non-specificity of the clinical presentation (a sub-acute encephalopathy with focal signs), the differential diagnosis is wide; and distinction from the first episode of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis can occasionally be difficult. Here the clinical and investigational features of these disorders and their treatment are discussed.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 601-11 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Handbook of Clinical Neurology |
Volume | 122 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2014 |
Keywords
- Demyelinating Diseases
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated
- Humans
- Prognosis
- Secondary Prevention
- Vaccination