Additive manufacturing of multi-morphology graded titanium scaffolds for bone implant applications

Aihua Yu; Ce Zhang; Wei Xu; Yun Zhang; Shiwei  Tian; Bowen  Liu; Jiazhen  Zhang; Anrui  He; Bo Su; Xin Lu

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2022.07.035

Additive manufacturing of multi-morphology graded titanium scaffolds for bone implant applications

Aihua Yu
, Ce Zhang
, Wei Xu^*
, Yun Zhang
, Shiwei Tian
, Bowen Liu
, Jiazhen Zhang
, Anrui He
, Bo Su
, Xin Lu^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

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Abstract

Porous Titanium scaffolds have attracted widespread attention as bone implants for avoiding the stress shielding effect and promoting bone-in-growth. In this study, multimorphology graded scaffolds hybridized by Primitive and Gyroid structures with porosity of 50%, 60%, and 70% were designed (denoted as PG50, PG60, and PG70, respectively) and fabricated by selective laser melting. The simulation results showed that the maximum von-Mises stress of hybridized scaffolds increased from 504.22 MPa to 884.24 MPa with porosity. The permeability and average pore size of multimorphology PG50, PG60, and PG70 were in the range of 3.58-5.50×10 -9 m 2 and 568.1-758.4 μm, respectively. The microstructure of multi-morphology graded scaffolds consisted of a fully martensitic α' phase. Tested permeabilities of PG50 and PG60 were 3.27×10 -9 m 2 and 4.35×10 -9 m 2 respectively, which were within the range of human bone (0.01-12.1 ×10 -9 m 2 ). Elastic modulus and compressive yield strength of PG50 and PG60 ranged within 5.93-9.86 GPa and 180.06-257.08 MPa, respectively. Therein, the PG50 not only exhibited a similar elastic modulus
compared to human cortical bone (10.1 GPa) but also had higher strength (257.08 vs. 131 MPa). The results of in vitro biocompatibility assay showed that PG50 and PG60 have better cytocompatibility than mono-morphology scaffolds with the same porosity. Taken together, PG50 is promising to be used for the restoration of bone defects due to its excellent mechanical properties, appropriate permeability, and good cytocompatibility.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	47-58
Number of pages	12
Journal	JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Volume	139
Early online date	10 Sept 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2022.07.035
Publication status	Published - 10 Mar 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51922004 and 51874037 ), the State Key Lab of Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing (Nos. 2020Z-04 , 2021Z-03 , and 2022Z-12 ), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos. FRF-TP-19005C1Z and 06500236 ), the Interdisciplinary Research Project for Young Teachers of USTB ( Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities , No. FRF-IDRY-20-023 ), the Postdoctor Research Foundation of Shunde Graduate School of University of Science and Technology Beijing (No. 2022BH001), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2021M700377 ), the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (No. 2021A1515110548), the State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 2212035). Bo Su would like to thank the financial support from the MRC (No. MR/S010343/1) and the EU H2020 MSCA RISE Bio-TUNE programme.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022

Keywords

Bone implants
multi-morphology graded Titanium scaffolds
finite element analysis
selective laser melting
cytocompatibility

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@article{df34d14420784440a1b22d307a5bded5,

title = "Additive manufacturing of multi-morphology graded titanium scaffolds for bone implant applications",

abstract = "Porous Titanium scaffolds have attracted widespread attention as bone implants for avoiding the stress shielding effect and promoting bone-in-growth. In this study, multimorphology graded scaffolds hybridized by Primitive and Gyroid structures with porosity of 50\%, 60\%, and 70\% were designed (denoted as PG50, PG60, and PG70, respectively) and fabricated by selective laser melting. The simulation results showed that the maximum von-Mises stress of hybridized scaffolds increased from 504.22 MPa to 884.24 MPa with porosity. The permeability and average pore size of multimorphology PG50, PG60, and PG70 were in the range of 3.58-5.50×10 -9 m 2 and 568.1-758.4 μm, respectively. The microstructure of multi-morphology graded scaffolds consisted of a fully martensitic α' phase. Tested permeabilities of PG50 and PG60 were 3.27×10 -9 m 2 and 4.35×10 -9 m 2 respectively, which were within the range of human bone (0.01-12.1 ×10 -9 m 2 ). Elastic modulus and compressive yield strength of PG50 and PG60 ranged within 5.93-9.86 GPa and 180.06-257.08 MPa, respectively. Therein, the PG50 not only exhibited a similar elastic modulus compared to human cortical bone (10.1 GPa) but also had higher strength (257.08 vs. 131 MPa). The results of in vitro biocompatibility assay showed that PG50 and PG60 have better cytocompatibility than mono-morphology scaffolds with the same porosity. Taken together, PG50 is promising to be used for the restoration of bone defects due to its excellent mechanical properties, appropriate permeability, and good cytocompatibility. ",

keywords = "Bone implants, multi-morphology graded Titanium scaffolds, finite element analysis, selective laser melting, cytocompatibility",

author = "Aihua Yu and Ce Zhang and Wei Xu and Yun Zhang and Shiwei Tian and Bowen Liu and Jiazhen Zhang and Anrui He and Bo Su and Xin Lu",

note = "Funding Information: This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51922004 and 51874037 ), the State Key Lab of Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing (Nos. 2020Z-04 , 2021Z-03 , and 2022Z-12 ), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos. FRF-TP-19005C1Z and 06500236 ), the Interdisciplinary Research Project for Young Teachers of USTB ( Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities , No. FRF-IDRY-20-023 ), the Postdoctor Research Foundation of Shunde Graduate School of University of Science and Technology Beijing (No. 2022BH001), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2021M700377 ), the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (No. 2021A1515110548), the State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 2212035). Bo Su would like to thank the financial support from the MRC (No. MR/S010343/1) and the EU H2020 MSCA RISE Bio-TUNE programme. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022",

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doi = "10.1016/j.jmst.2022.07.035",

language = "English",

volume = "139",

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journal = "JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE \& TECHNOLOGY",

issn = "1005-0302",

publisher = "Chinese Society of Metals",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Additive manufacturing of multi-morphology graded titanium scaffolds for bone implant applications

AU - Yu, Aihua

AU - Zhang, Ce

AU - Xu, Wei

AU - Zhang, Yun

AU - Tian, Shiwei

AU - Liu, Bowen

AU - Zhang, Jiazhen

AU - He, Anrui

AU - Su, Bo

AU - Lu, Xin

N1 - Funding Information: This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51922004 and 51874037 ), the State Key Lab of Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing (Nos. 2020Z-04 , 2021Z-03 , and 2022Z-12 ), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos. FRF-TP-19005C1Z and 06500236 ), the Interdisciplinary Research Project for Young Teachers of USTB ( Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities , No. FRF-IDRY-20-023 ), the Postdoctor Research Foundation of Shunde Graduate School of University of Science and Technology Beijing (No. 2022BH001), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2021M700377 ), the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (No. 2021A1515110548), the State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 2212035). Bo Su would like to thank the financial support from the MRC (No. MR/S010343/1) and the EU H2020 MSCA RISE Bio-TUNE programme. Publisher Copyright: © 2022

PY - 2023/3/10

Y1 - 2023/3/10

N2 - Porous Titanium scaffolds have attracted widespread attention as bone implants for avoiding the stress shielding effect and promoting bone-in-growth. In this study, multimorphology graded scaffolds hybridized by Primitive and Gyroid structures with porosity of 50%, 60%, and 70% were designed (denoted as PG50, PG60, and PG70, respectively) and fabricated by selective laser melting. The simulation results showed that the maximum von-Mises stress of hybridized scaffolds increased from 504.22 MPa to 884.24 MPa with porosity. The permeability and average pore size of multimorphology PG50, PG60, and PG70 were in the range of 3.58-5.50×10 -9 m 2 and 568.1-758.4 μm, respectively. The microstructure of multi-morphology graded scaffolds consisted of a fully martensitic α' phase. Tested permeabilities of PG50 and PG60 were 3.27×10 -9 m 2 and 4.35×10 -9 m 2 respectively, which were within the range of human bone (0.01-12.1 ×10 -9 m 2 ). Elastic modulus and compressive yield strength of PG50 and PG60 ranged within 5.93-9.86 GPa and 180.06-257.08 MPa, respectively. Therein, the PG50 not only exhibited a similar elastic modulus compared to human cortical bone (10.1 GPa) but also had higher strength (257.08 vs. 131 MPa). The results of in vitro biocompatibility assay showed that PG50 and PG60 have better cytocompatibility than mono-morphology scaffolds with the same porosity. Taken together, PG50 is promising to be used for the restoration of bone defects due to its excellent mechanical properties, appropriate permeability, and good cytocompatibility.

AB - Porous Titanium scaffolds have attracted widespread attention as bone implants for avoiding the stress shielding effect and promoting bone-in-growth. In this study, multimorphology graded scaffolds hybridized by Primitive and Gyroid structures with porosity of 50%, 60%, and 70% were designed (denoted as PG50, PG60, and PG70, respectively) and fabricated by selective laser melting. The simulation results showed that the maximum von-Mises stress of hybridized scaffolds increased from 504.22 MPa to 884.24 MPa with porosity. The permeability and average pore size of multimorphology PG50, PG60, and PG70 were in the range of 3.58-5.50×10 -9 m 2 and 568.1-758.4 μm, respectively. The microstructure of multi-morphology graded scaffolds consisted of a fully martensitic α' phase. Tested permeabilities of PG50 and PG60 were 3.27×10 -9 m 2 and 4.35×10 -9 m 2 respectively, which were within the range of human bone (0.01-12.1 ×10 -9 m 2 ). Elastic modulus and compressive yield strength of PG50 and PG60 ranged within 5.93-9.86 GPa and 180.06-257.08 MPa, respectively. Therein, the PG50 not only exhibited a similar elastic modulus compared to human cortical bone (10.1 GPa) but also had higher strength (257.08 vs. 131 MPa). The results of in vitro biocompatibility assay showed that PG50 and PG60 have better cytocompatibility than mono-morphology scaffolds with the same porosity. Taken together, PG50 is promising to be used for the restoration of bone defects due to its excellent mechanical properties, appropriate permeability, and good cytocompatibility.

KW - Bone implants

KW - multi-morphology graded Titanium scaffolds

KW - finite element analysis

KW - selective laser melting

KW - cytocompatibility

U2 - 10.1016/j.jmst.2022.07.035

DO - 10.1016/j.jmst.2022.07.035

M3 - Article (Academic Journal)

SN - 1005-0302

VL - 139

SP - 47

EP - 58

JO - JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

JF - JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

ER -

Additive manufacturing of multi-morphology graded titanium scaffolds for bone implant applications

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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