Aspergillus fumigatus Bronchopneumonia in a Hellenic Shepherd Dog

A 3 yr old intact female Hellenic shepherd dog was referred due to depression, partial anorexia, fever, and a mild productive cough of 2 mo duration. Thoracic radiographs showed increased opacity of all of the left lung lobes. Upon bronchoscopy, a sanguineous, purulent discharge was detected in the tracheal lumen with hyperplastic tissue narrowing the left main stem bronchus. Cultures were positive for bacteria (Bacillus spp. and Clostridium spp.) but negative for fungi. Due to the severity of the lesions, a complete left lung pneumonectomy was performed. Histopathological examination of the excised lung tissues revealed a severe granulomatous bronchopneumonia with numerous alveolar macrophages laden with structures stained positively by periodic acid-Schiff and Grocott stain that had morphology consistent with fungi. PCR and sequencing of internal transcribed spacer regions 1 and 2 from genetic material extracted from paraffin-embedded pulmonary tissue confirmed the presence of Aspergillus fumigatus. Itraconazole was administrated for 5.5 mo and the dog was clinically normal 26 mo after surgery. (J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2011; 47:e13-e18. DOI 10.5326/JAAHA-MS-5497)