Beam test evaluation of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made from proton-damaged PbWO4 crystals

P. Adzic; S. Ahuja; I. Antropov; Z. Antunovic; R. Arcidiacono; M. W. Arenton; S. Argirò; A. Askew; A. Attikis; E. Auffray; S. Baccaro; S. Baffioni; D. Bailleux; P. Baillon; D. Barney; L. Barone; A. Bartoloni; N. Bartosik; E. Becheva; S. Bein; C. Beirao Da Cruz E Silva; A. Benaglia; J. Bendavid; M. Besancon; B. Betev; W. Bialas; L. Bianchini; C. Biino; S. Bitioukov; A. Bornheim; L. Brianza; A. Brinkerhoff; A. Brummitt; P. Busson; V. Candelise; C. A. Carrillo Montoya; N. Cartiglia; F. Cavallari; G. Chevenier; R. Chipaux; E. Clement; D. J.A. Cockerill; L. Corpe; F. Couderc; B. Courbon; G. Cucciati; D. Cussans; G. D'Imperio; D. R. Da Silva Di Calafiori; I. Dafinei; J. Daguin; G. Daskalakis; A. D. Tinoco Mendes; F. De Guio; A. Degano; M. Dejardin; D. Del Re; G. Della Ricca; D. Denegri; P. Depasse; N. Dev; D. Deyrail; E. Di Marco; B. Diamond; M. Diemoz; G. Dissertori; M. Dittmar; L. Djambazov; T. H. Doan; L. Dobrzynski; A. Dolgopolov; M. Donegà; M. Dordevic; M. Dröge; T. Durkin; H. El Mamouni; A. Elliott-Peisert; E. Elmalis; B. Fabbro; G. Fasanella; J. Faure; A. Fedorov; F. Ferri; N. Frank; G. Franzoni; W. Funk; S. Ganjour; S. Gascon; M. Gastal; Y. Geerebaert; S. Gelli; R. Gerosa; A. Ghezzi; V. A. Giakoumopoulou; A. Givernaud; S. Gninenko; N. Godinovic; N. Goeckner-Wald; N. Golubev; P. Govoni; P. Gras; F. Guilloux; C. Haller; G. Hamel De Monchenault; P. Hansen; J. Hardenbrook; H. F. Heath; R. Hirosky; P. R. Hobson; O. Holme; A. Honma; W. S. Hou; Y. Hsiung; Y. Iiyama; B. Ille; Q. Ingram; P. Jarry; C. Jessop; D. Jovanovic; V. Kachanov; S. Kalafut; K. Y. Kao; N. Kellams; S. Kesisoglou; A. Khatiwada; A. Konoplyannikov; D. Konstantinov; M. Korzhik; M. Kovac; Y. Kubota; I. Kucher; C. Kuo; P. Kyberd; A. Kyriakis; G. Latyshev; P. Lecoq; A. Ledovskoy; D. Lelas; M. Lethuillier; W. Lin; E. Locci; E. Longo; D. Loukas; R. S. Lu; M. T. Lucchini; W. Lustermann; C. K. MacKay; F. Magniette; J. Malcles; S. Malhotra; I. Mandjavidze; Y. Maravin; F. Margaroli; N. Marinelli; A. Martelli; B. Marzocchi; A. Massironi; V. Matveev; V. Mechinsky; P. Meridiani; F. Micheli; J. Milosevic; J. Mousa; P. Musella; F. Nessi-Tedaldi; C. Neu; C. Nicolaou; S. Nourbakhsh; M. M. Obertino; G. Organtini; T. Orimoto; P. Paganini; E. Paganis; M. Paganoni; F. Pandolfi; V. Panov; R. Paramatti; P. Parracho; N. Pastrone; M. Paulini; F. Pauss; K. Pauwels; F. Pellegrino; C. Pena; L. Perniè; M. Peruzzi; E. Petrakou; D. Petyt; S. Pigazzini; P. Piroué; M. Planer; R. Plestina; D. Polic; H. Prosper; F. Ptochos; I. Puljak; M. Quittnat; S. Ragazzi; S. Rahatlou; J. Rander; K. Ranjan; J. Rasteiro Da Silva; P. A. Razis; T. Romante; A. Rosowsky; C. Rovelli; R. Rusack; R. Salerno; F. Santanastasio; A. Santra; M. Schönenberger; C. Seez; V. Sharma; C. Shepherd-Themistocleous; J. G. Shiu; R. K. Shivpuri; A. Singovsky; T. Sinthuprasith; Y. Sirois; N. Smiljkovic; L. Soffi; P. Symonds; T. Tabarelli De Fatis; N. Tambe; I. Tarasov; S. Taroni; R. Teixeira De Lima; K. Theofilatos; F. Thiant; M. Titov; M. Torbet; P. P. Trapani; P. Tropea; J. F. Tsai; A. Tsirou; J. Turkewitz; N. Tyurin; Y. M. Tzeng; A. Uzunian; N. Valls; J. Varela; V. Veeraraghavan; P. G. Verdini; P. Vichoudis; E. Vlassov; M. Weinberg; E. Wolfe; A. Zabi; S. Zahid; S. Zelepoukine; A. Zghiche; K. Zhu; R. Zhu; R. Zuyeuski

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/11/04/P04012

Beam test evaluation of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made from proton-damaged PbWO₄ crystals

P. Adzic, S. Ahuja, I. Antropov, Z. Antunovic, R. Arcidiacono, M. W. Arenton, S. Argirò, A. Askew, A. Attikis, E. Auffray, S. Baccaro, S. Baffioni, D. Bailleux, P. Baillon, D. Barney, L. Barone, A. Bartoloni, N. Bartosik, E. Becheva, S. BeinC. Beirao Da Cruz E Silva, A. Benaglia, J. Bendavid, M. Besancon, B. Betev, W. Bialas, L. Bianchini, C. Biino, S. Bitioukov, A. Bornheim, L. Brianza, A. Brinkerhoff, A. Brummitt, P. Busson, V. Candelise, C. A. Carrillo Montoya, N. Cartiglia, F. Cavallari, G. Chevenier, R. Chipaux, E. Clement, D. J.A. Cockerill, L. Corpe, F. Couderc, B. Courbon, G. Cucciati, D. Cussans, G. D'Imperio, D. R. Da Silva Di Calafiori, I. Dafinei, J. Daguin, G. Daskalakis, A. D. Tinoco Mendes, F. De Guio, A. Degano, M. Dejardin, D. Del Re, G. Della Ricca, D. Denegri, P. Depasse, N. Dev, D. Deyrail, E. Di Marco, B. Diamond, M. Diemoz, G. Dissertori, M. Dittmar, L. Djambazov, T. H. Doan, L. Dobrzynski, A. Dolgopolov, M. Donegà, M. Dordevic, M. Dröge, T. Durkin, H. El Mamouni, A. Elliott-Peisert, E. Elmalis, B. Fabbro, G. Fasanella, J. Faure, A. Fedorov, F. Ferri, N. Frank, G. Franzoni, W. Funk, S. Ganjour, S. Gascon, M. Gastal, Y. Geerebaert, S. Gelli, R. Gerosa, A. Ghezzi, V. A. Giakoumopoulou, A. Givernaud, S. Gninenko, N. Godinovic, N. Goeckner-Wald, N. Golubev, P. Govoni, P. Gras, F. Guilloux, C. Haller, G. Hamel De Monchenault, P. Hansen, J. Hardenbrook, H. F. Heath, R. Hirosky, P. R. Hobson, O. Holme, A. Honma, W. S. Hou, Y. Hsiung, Y. Iiyama, B. Ille, Q. Ingram, P. Jarry, C. Jessop, D. Jovanovic, V. Kachanov, S. Kalafut, K. Y. Kao, N. Kellams, S. Kesisoglou, A. Khatiwada, A. Konoplyannikov, D. Konstantinov, M. Korzhik, M. Kovac, Y. Kubota, I. Kucher, C. Kuo, P. Kyberd, A. Kyriakis, G. Latyshev, P. Lecoq, A. Ledovskoy, D. Lelas, M. Lethuillier, W. Lin, E. Locci, E. Longo, D. Loukas, R. S. Lu, M. T. Lucchini^*, W. Lustermann, C. K. MacKay, F. Magniette, J. Malcles, S. Malhotra, I. Mandjavidze, Y. Maravin, F. Margaroli, N. Marinelli, A. Martelli, B. Marzocchi, A. Massironi, V. Matveev, V. Mechinsky, P. Meridiani, F. Micheli, J. Milosevic, J. Mousa, P. Musella, F. Nessi-Tedaldi, C. Neu, C. Nicolaou, S. Nourbakhsh, M. M. Obertino, G. Organtini, T. Orimoto, P. Paganini, E. Paganis, M. Paganoni, F. Pandolfi, V. Panov, R. Paramatti, P. Parracho, N. Pastrone, M. Paulini, F. Pauss, K. Pauwels, F. Pellegrino, C. Pena, L. Perniè, M. Peruzzi, E. Petrakou, D. Petyt, S. Pigazzini, P. Piroué, M. Planer, R. Plestina, D. Polic, H. Prosper, F. Ptochos, I. Puljak, M. Quittnat, S. Ragazzi, S. Rahatlou, J. Rander, K. Ranjan, J. Rasteiro Da Silva, P. A. Razis, T. Romante, A. Rosowsky, C. Rovelli, R. Rusack, R. Salerno, F. Santanastasio, A. Santra, M. Schönenberger, C. Seez, V. Sharma, C. Shepherd-Themistocleous, J. G. Shiu, R. K. Shivpuri, A. Singovsky, T. Sinthuprasith, Y. Sirois, N. Smiljkovic, L. Soffi, P. Symonds, T. Tabarelli De Fatis, N. Tambe, I. Tarasov, S. Taroni, R. Teixeira De Lima, K. Theofilatos, F. Thiant, M. Titov, M. Torbet, P. P. Trapani, P. Tropea, J. F. Tsai, A. Tsirou, J. Turkewitz, N. Tyurin, Y. M. Tzeng, A. Uzunian, N. Valls, J. Varela, V. Veeraraghavan, P. G. Verdini, P. Vichoudis, E. Vlassov, M. Weinberg, E. Wolfe, A. Zabi, S. Zahid, S. Zelepoukine, A. Zghiche, K. Zhu, R. Zhu, R. Zuyeuski

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

The performance of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made of proton-irradiated PbWO₄ crystals has been studied in beam tests. The modules, similar to those used in the Endcaps of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL), were formed from 5×5 matrices of PbWO₄ crystals, which had previously been exposed to 24 GeV protons up to integrated fluences between 2.1 × 10¹³ and 1.3 × 10¹⁴ cm^-2. These correspond to the predicted charged-hadron fluences in the ECAL Endcaps at pseudorapidity η = 2.6 after about 500 fb^-1 and 3000 fb^-1 respectively, corresponding to the end of the LHC and High Luminosity LHC operation periods. The irradiated crystals have a lower light transmission for wavelengths corresponding to the scintillation light, and a correspondingly reduced light output. A comparison with four crystals irradiated in situ in CMS showed no significant rate dependence of hadron-induced damage. A degradation of the energy resolution and a non-linear response to electron showers are observed in damaged crystals. Direct measurements of the light output from the crystals show the amplitude decreasing and pulse becoming faster as the fluence increases. The latter is interpreted, through comparison with simulation, as a side-effect of the degradation in light transmission. The experimental results obtained can be used to estimate the long term performance of the CMS ECAL.

Original language	English
Article number	P04012
Number of pages	31
Journal	Journal of Instrumentation
Volume	11
Issue number	4
Early online date	11 Apr 2016
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/04/P04012
Publication status	Published - Apr 2016

Keywords

Calorimeters
Detector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matter, interaction of photons with matter, interaction of hadrons with matter, etc)
Radiation-hard detectors
Scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquid scintillators)
Scintillators

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10.1088/1748-0221/11/04/P04012

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Adzic, P., Ahuja, S., Antropov, I., Antunovic, Z., Arcidiacono, R., Arenton, M. W., Argirò, S., Askew, A., Attikis, A., Auffray, E., Baccaro, S., Baffioni, S., Bailleux, D., Baillon, P., Barney, D., Barone, L., Bartoloni, A., Bartosik, N., Becheva, E., ... Zuyeuski, R. (2016). Beam test evaluation of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made from proton-damaged PbWO₄ crystals. Journal of Instrumentation, 11(4), Article P04012. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/04/P04012

@article{6ab95b186d4946beb3c3f298ff0c8102,

title = "Beam test evaluation of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made from proton-damaged PbWO4 crystals",

abstract = "The performance of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made of proton-irradiated PbWO4 crystals has been studied in beam tests. The modules, similar to those used in the Endcaps of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL), were formed from 5×5 matrices of PbWO4 crystals, which had previously been exposed to 24 GeV protons up to integrated fluences between 2.1 × 1013 and 1.3 × 1014 cm-2. These correspond to the predicted charged-hadron fluences in the ECAL Endcaps at pseudorapidity η = 2.6 after about 500 fb-1 and 3000 fb-1 respectively, corresponding to the end of the LHC and High Luminosity LHC operation periods. The irradiated crystals have a lower light transmission for wavelengths corresponding to the scintillation light, and a correspondingly reduced light output. A comparison with four crystals irradiated in situ in CMS showed no significant rate dependence of hadron-induced damage. A degradation of the energy resolution and a non-linear response to electron showers are observed in damaged crystals. Direct measurements of the light output from the crystals show the amplitude decreasing and pulse becoming faster as the fluence increases. The latter is interpreted, through comparison with simulation, as a side-effect of the degradation in light transmission. The experimental results obtained can be used to estimate the long term performance of the CMS ECAL.",

keywords = "Calorimeters, Detector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matter, interaction of photons with matter, interaction of hadrons with matter, etc), Radiation-hard detectors, Scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquid scintillators), Scintillators",

author = "P. Adzic and S. Ahuja and I. Antropov and Z. Antunovic and R. Arcidiacono and Arenton, {M. W.} and S. Argir{\`o} and A. Askew and A. Attikis and E. Auffray and S. Baccaro and S. Baffioni and D. Bailleux and P. Baillon and D. Barney and L. Barone and A. Bartoloni and N. Bartosik and E. Becheva and S. Bein and {Da Cruz E Silva}, {C. Beirao} and A. Benaglia and J. Bendavid and M. Besancon and B. Betev and W. Bialas and L. Bianchini and C. Biino and S. Bitioukov and A. Bornheim and L. Brianza and A. Brinkerhoff and A. Brummitt and P. Busson and V. Candelise and {Carrillo Montoya}, {C. A.} and N. Cartiglia and F. Cavallari and G. Chevenier and R. Chipaux and E. Clement and Cockerill, {D. J.A.} and L. Corpe and F. Couderc and B. Courbon and G. Cucciati and D. Cussans and G. D'Imperio and {Da Silva Di Calafiori}, {D. R.} and I. Dafinei and J. Daguin and G. Daskalakis and {Tinoco Mendes}, {A. D.} and {De Guio}, F. and A. Degano and M. Dejardin and {Del Re}, D. and {Della Ricca}, G. and D. Denegri and P. Depasse and N. Dev and D. Deyrail and {Di Marco}, E. and B. Diamond and M. Diemoz and G. Dissertori and M. Dittmar and L. Djambazov and Doan, {T. H.} and L. Dobrzynski and A. Dolgopolov and M. Doneg{\`a} and M. Dordevic and M. Dr{\"o}ge and T. Durkin and {El Mamouni}, H. and A. Elliott-Peisert and E. Elmalis and B. Fabbro and G. Fasanella and J. Faure and A. Fedorov and F. Ferri and N. Frank and G. Franzoni and W. Funk and S. Ganjour and S. Gascon and M. Gastal and Y. Geerebaert and S. Gelli and R. Gerosa and A. Ghezzi and Giakoumopoulou, {V. A.} and A. Givernaud and S. Gninenko and N. Godinovic and N. Goeckner-Wald and N. Golubev and P. Govoni and P. Gras and F. Guilloux and C. Haller and {De Monchenault}, {G. Hamel} and P. Hansen and J. Hardenbrook and Heath, {H. F.} and R. Hirosky and Hobson, {P. R.} and O. Holme and A. Honma and Hou, {W. S.} and Y. Hsiung and Y. Iiyama and B. Ille and Q. Ingram and P. Jarry and C. Jessop and D. Jovanovic and V. Kachanov and S. Kalafut and Kao, {K. Y.} and N. Kellams and S. Kesisoglou and A. Khatiwada and A. Konoplyannikov and D. Konstantinov and M. Korzhik and M. Kovac and Y. Kubota and I. Kucher and C. Kuo and P. Kyberd and A. Kyriakis and G. Latyshev and P. Lecoq and A. Ledovskoy and D. Lelas and M. Lethuillier and W. Lin and E. Locci and E. Longo and D. Loukas and Lu, {R. S.} and Lucchini, {M. T.} and W. Lustermann and MacKay, {C. K.} and F. Magniette and J. Malcles and S. Malhotra and I. Mandjavidze and Y. Maravin and F. Margaroli and N. Marinelli and A. Martelli and B. Marzocchi and A. Massironi and V. Matveev and V. Mechinsky and P. Meridiani and F. Micheli and J. Milosevic and J. Mousa and P. Musella and F. Nessi-Tedaldi and C. Neu and C. Nicolaou and S. Nourbakhsh and Obertino, {M. M.} and G. Organtini and T. Orimoto and P. Paganini and E. Paganis and M. Paganoni and F. Pandolfi and V. Panov and R. Paramatti and P. Parracho and N. Pastrone and M. Paulini and F. Pauss and K. Pauwels and F. Pellegrino and C. Pena and L. Perni{\`e} and M. Peruzzi and E. Petrakou and D. Petyt and S. Pigazzini and P. Pirou{\'e} and M. Planer and R. Plestina and D. Polic and H. Prosper and F. Ptochos and I. Puljak and M. Quittnat and S. Ragazzi and S. Rahatlou and J. Rander and K. Ranjan and {Da Silva}, {J. Rasteiro} and Razis, {P. A.} and T. Romante and A. Rosowsky and C. Rovelli and R. Rusack and R. Salerno and F. Santanastasio and A. Santra and M. Sch{\"o}nenberger and C. Seez and V. Sharma and C. Shepherd-Themistocleous and Shiu, {J. G.} and Shivpuri, {R. K.} and A. Singovsky and T. Sinthuprasith and Y. Sirois and N. Smiljkovic and L. Soffi and P. Symonds and {De Fatis}, {T. Tabarelli} and N. Tambe and I. Tarasov and S. Taroni and {De Lima}, {R. Teixeira} and K. Theofilatos and F. Thiant and M. Titov and M. Torbet and Trapani, {P. P.} and P. Tropea and Tsai, {J. F.} and A. Tsirou and J. Turkewitz and N. Tyurin and Tzeng, {Y. M.} and A. Uzunian and N. Valls and J. Varela and V. Veeraraghavan and Verdini, {P. G.} and P. Vichoudis and E. Vlassov and M. Weinberg and E. Wolfe and A. Zabi and S. Zahid and S. Zelepoukine and A. Zghiche and K. Zhu and R. Zhu and R. Zuyeuski",

year = "2016",

month = apr,

doi = "10.1088/1748-0221/11/04/P04012",

language = "English",

volume = "11",

journal = "Journal of Instrumentation",

issn = "1748-0221",

publisher = "IOP Publishing",

number = "4",

}

Adzic, P, Ahuja, S, Antropov, I, Antunovic, Z, Arcidiacono, R, Arenton, MW, Argirò, S, Askew, A, Attikis, A, Auffray, E, Baccaro, S, Baffioni, S, Bailleux, D, Baillon, P, Barney, D, Barone, L, Bartoloni, A, Bartosik, N, Becheva, E, Bein, S, Da Cruz E Silva, CB, Benaglia, A, Bendavid, J, Besancon, M, Betev, B, Bialas, W, Bianchini, L, Biino, C, Bitioukov, S, Bornheim, A, Brianza, L, Brinkerhoff, A, Brummitt, A, Busson, P, Candelise, V, Carrillo Montoya, CA, Cartiglia, N, Cavallari, F, Chevenier, G, Chipaux, R, Clement, E, Cockerill, DJA, Corpe, L, Couderc, F, Courbon, B, Cucciati, G, Cussans, D, D'Imperio, G, Da Silva Di Calafiori, DR, Dafinei, I, Daguin, J, Daskalakis, G, Tinoco Mendes, AD, De Guio, F, Degano, A, Dejardin, M, Del Re, D, Della Ricca, G, Denegri, D, Depasse, P, Dev, N, Deyrail, D, Di Marco, E, Diamond, B, Diemoz, M, Dissertori, G, Dittmar, M, Djambazov, L, Doan, TH, Dobrzynski, L, Dolgopolov, A, Donegà, M, Dordevic, M, Dröge, M, Durkin, T, El Mamouni, H, Elliott-Peisert, A, Elmalis, E, Fabbro, B, Fasanella, G, Faure, J, Fedorov, A, Ferri, F, Frank, N, Franzoni, G, Funk, W, Ganjour, S, Gascon, S, Gastal, M, Geerebaert, Y, Gelli, S, Gerosa, R, Ghezzi, A, Giakoumopoulou, VA, Givernaud, A, Gninenko, S, Godinovic, N, Goeckner-Wald, N, Golubev, N, Govoni, P, Gras, P, Guilloux, F, Haller, C, De Monchenault, GH, Hansen, P, Hardenbrook, J, Heath, HF, Hirosky, R, Hobson, PR, Holme, O, Honma, A, Hou, WS, Hsiung, Y, Iiyama, Y, Ille, B, Ingram, Q, Jarry, P, Jessop, C, Jovanovic, D, Kachanov, V, Kalafut, S, Kao, KY, Kellams, N, Kesisoglou, S, Khatiwada, A, Konoplyannikov, A, Konstantinov, D, Korzhik, M, Kovac, M, Kubota, Y, Kucher, I, Kuo, C, Kyberd, P, Kyriakis, A, Latyshev, G, Lecoq, P, Ledovskoy, A, Lelas, D, Lethuillier, M, Lin, W, Locci, E, Longo, E, Loukas, D, Lu, RS, Lucchini, MT, Lustermann, W, MacKay, CK, Magniette, F, Malcles, J, Malhotra, S, Mandjavidze, I, Maravin, Y, Margaroli, F, Marinelli, N, Martelli, A, Marzocchi, B, Massironi, A, Matveev, V, Mechinsky, V, Meridiani, P, Micheli, F, Milosevic, J, Mousa, J, Musella, P, Nessi-Tedaldi, F, Neu, C, Nicolaou, C, Nourbakhsh, S, Obertino, MM, Organtini, G, Orimoto, T, Paganini, P, Paganis, E, Paganoni, M, Pandolfi, F, Panov, V, Paramatti, R, Parracho, P, Pastrone, N, Paulini, M, Pauss, F, Pauwels, K, Pellegrino, F, Pena, C, Perniè, L, Peruzzi, M, Petrakou, E, Petyt, D, Pigazzini, S, Piroué, P, Planer, M, Plestina, R, Polic, D, Prosper, H, Ptochos, F, Puljak, I, Quittnat, M, Ragazzi, S, Rahatlou, S, Rander, J, Ranjan, K, Da Silva, JR, Razis, PA, Romante, T, Rosowsky, A, Rovelli, C, Rusack, R, Salerno, R, Santanastasio, F, Santra, A, Schönenberger, M, Seez, C, Sharma, V, Shepherd-Themistocleous, C, Shiu, JG, Shivpuri, RK, Singovsky, A, Sinthuprasith, T, Sirois, Y, Smiljkovic, N, Soffi, L, Symonds, P, De Fatis, TT, Tambe, N, Tarasov, I, Taroni, S, De Lima, RT, Theofilatos, K, Thiant, F, Titov, M, Torbet, M, Trapani, PP, Tropea, P, Tsai, JF, Tsirou, A, Turkewitz, J, Tyurin, N, Tzeng, YM, Uzunian, A, Valls, N, Varela, J, Veeraraghavan, V, Verdini, PG, Vichoudis, P, Vlassov, E, Weinberg, M, Wolfe, E, Zabi, A, Zahid, S, Zelepoukine, S, Zghiche, A, Zhu, K, Zhu, R & Zuyeuski, R 2016, 'Beam test evaluation of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made from proton-damaged PbWO₄ crystals', Journal of Instrumentation, vol. 11, no. 4, P04012. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/04/P04012

TY - JOUR

T1 - Beam test evaluation of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made from proton-damaged PbWO4 crystals

AU - Adzic, P.

AU - Ahuja, S.

AU - Antropov, I.

AU - Antunovic, Z.

AU - Arcidiacono, R.

AU - Arenton, M. W.

AU - Argirò, S.

AU - Askew, A.

AU - Attikis, A.

AU - Auffray, E.

AU - Baccaro, S.

AU - Baffioni, S.

AU - Bailleux, D.

AU - Baillon, P.

AU - Barney, D.

AU - Barone, L.

AU - Bartoloni, A.

AU - Bartosik, N.

AU - Becheva, E.

AU - Bein, S.

AU - Da Cruz E Silva, C. Beirao

AU - Benaglia, A.

AU - Bendavid, J.

AU - Besancon, M.

AU - Betev, B.

AU - Bialas, W.

AU - Bianchini, L.

AU - Biino, C.

AU - Bitioukov, S.

AU - Bornheim, A.

AU - Brianza, L.

AU - Brinkerhoff, A.

AU - Brummitt, A.

AU - Busson, P.

AU - Candelise, V.

AU - Carrillo Montoya, C. A.

AU - Cartiglia, N.

AU - Cavallari, F.

AU - Chevenier, G.

AU - Chipaux, R.

AU - Clement, E.

AU - Cockerill, D. J.A.

AU - Corpe, L.

AU - Couderc, F.

AU - Courbon, B.

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PY - 2016/4

Y1 - 2016/4

N2 - The performance of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made of proton-irradiated PbWO4 crystals has been studied in beam tests. The modules, similar to those used in the Endcaps of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL), were formed from 5×5 matrices of PbWO4 crystals, which had previously been exposed to 24 GeV protons up to integrated fluences between 2.1 × 1013 and 1.3 × 1014 cm-2. These correspond to the predicted charged-hadron fluences in the ECAL Endcaps at pseudorapidity η = 2.6 after about 500 fb-1 and 3000 fb-1 respectively, corresponding to the end of the LHC and High Luminosity LHC operation periods. The irradiated crystals have a lower light transmission for wavelengths corresponding to the scintillation light, and a correspondingly reduced light output. A comparison with four crystals irradiated in situ in CMS showed no significant rate dependence of hadron-induced damage. A degradation of the energy resolution and a non-linear response to electron showers are observed in damaged crystals. Direct measurements of the light output from the crystals show the amplitude decreasing and pulse becoming faster as the fluence increases. The latter is interpreted, through comparison with simulation, as a side-effect of the degradation in light transmission. The experimental results obtained can be used to estimate the long term performance of the CMS ECAL.

AB - The performance of electromagnetic calorimeter modules made of proton-irradiated PbWO4 crystals has been studied in beam tests. The modules, similar to those used in the Endcaps of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL), were formed from 5×5 matrices of PbWO4 crystals, which had previously been exposed to 24 GeV protons up to integrated fluences between 2.1 × 1013 and 1.3 × 1014 cm-2. These correspond to the predicted charged-hadron fluences in the ECAL Endcaps at pseudorapidity η = 2.6 after about 500 fb-1 and 3000 fb-1 respectively, corresponding to the end of the LHC and High Luminosity LHC operation periods. The irradiated crystals have a lower light transmission for wavelengths corresponding to the scintillation light, and a correspondingly reduced light output. A comparison with four crystals irradiated in situ in CMS showed no significant rate dependence of hadron-induced damage. A degradation of the energy resolution and a non-linear response to electron showers are observed in damaged crystals. Direct measurements of the light output from the crystals show the amplitude decreasing and pulse becoming faster as the fluence increases. The latter is interpreted, through comparison with simulation, as a side-effect of the degradation in light transmission. The experimental results obtained can be used to estimate the long term performance of the CMS ECAL.

KW - Calorimeters

KW - Detector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matter, interaction of photons with matter, interaction of hadrons with matter, etc)

KW - Radiation-hard detectors

KW - Scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquid scintillators)

KW - Scintillators

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85029170268&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1088/1748-0221/11/04/P04012

DO - 10.1088/1748-0221/11/04/P04012

M3 - Article (Academic Journal)

AN - SCOPUS:85029170268

SN - 1748-0221

VL - 11

JO - Journal of Instrumentation

JF - Journal of Instrumentation

IS - 4

M1 - P04012

ER -