Biomarkers in Islet Cell Transplantation for Type 1 Diabetes

Fatimah T. AlRashidi; Kathleen M. Gillespie

doi:10.1007/s11892-018-1059-4

Biomarkers in Islet Cell Transplantation for Type 1 Diabetes

Fatimah T. AlRashidi
, Kathleen M. Gillespie^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

15 Citations (Scopus)

342 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Purpose of Review: Islet transplantation, an important approach to achieve insulin independence for individuals with type 1 diabetes, is limited by the lack of accurate biomarkers to track beta-cell death post islet infusion. In this review, we will discuss existing and recently described biomarkers.

Recent Findings: As beta cells are killed by the immune system, fragments of beta cell-specific cell-free DNA and proteins are released into the periphery. Several different strategies to identify these fragments have been described. Some circulating, non-coding microRNAs, particularly miRNA-375 are also showing potential to reflect the rate of beta cell loss post-clinical islet transplantation.

Summary: Recent advances in identifying accurate beta cell-specific biomarkers such as differentially methylated insulin cell-free DNA and circulating miRNA-375 may help predict clinical outcomes. More studies are required to examine the robustness of these biomarkers to detect chronic beta-cell loss in islet transplantation recipients.

Original language	English
Article number	94
Journal	Current Diabetes Reports
Volume	18
Issue number	10
Early online date	5 Sept 2018
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-018-1059-4
Publication status	Published - 1 Oct 2018

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

Biomarker
Cell-free DNA
Islet transplantation
microRNA 375
Type 1 diabetes

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title = "Biomarkers in Islet Cell Transplantation for Type 1 Diabetes",

abstract = "Purpose of Review: Islet transplantation, an important approach to achieve insulin independence for individuals with type 1 diabetes, is limited by the lack of accurate biomarkers to track beta-cell death post islet infusion. In this review, we will discuss existing and recently described biomarkers. Recent Findings: As beta cells are killed by the immune system, fragments of beta cell-specific cell-free DNA and proteins are released into the periphery. Several different strategies to identify these fragments have been described. Some circulating, non-coding microRNAs, particularly miRNA-375 are also showing potential to reflect the rate of beta cell loss post-clinical islet transplantation. Summary: Recent advances in identifying accurate beta cell-specific biomarkers such as differentially methylated insulin cell-free DNA and circulating miRNA-375 may help predict clinical outcomes. More studies are required to examine the robustness of these biomarkers to detect chronic beta-cell loss in islet transplantation recipients.",

keywords = "Biomarker, Cell-free DNA, Islet transplantation, microRNA 375, Type 1 diabetes",

author = "AlRashidi, \{Fatimah T.\} and Gillespie, \{Kathleen M.\}",

year = "2018",

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doi = "10.1007/s11892-018-1059-4",

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journal = "Current Diabetes Reports",

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T1 - Biomarkers in Islet Cell Transplantation for Type 1 Diabetes

AU - AlRashidi, Fatimah T.

AU - Gillespie, Kathleen M.

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N2 - Purpose of Review: Islet transplantation, an important approach to achieve insulin independence for individuals with type 1 diabetes, is limited by the lack of accurate biomarkers to track beta-cell death post islet infusion. In this review, we will discuss existing and recently described biomarkers. Recent Findings: As beta cells are killed by the immune system, fragments of beta cell-specific cell-free DNA and proteins are released into the periphery. Several different strategies to identify these fragments have been described. Some circulating, non-coding microRNAs, particularly miRNA-375 are also showing potential to reflect the rate of beta cell loss post-clinical islet transplantation. Summary: Recent advances in identifying accurate beta cell-specific biomarkers such as differentially methylated insulin cell-free DNA and circulating miRNA-375 may help predict clinical outcomes. More studies are required to examine the robustness of these biomarkers to detect chronic beta-cell loss in islet transplantation recipients.

AB - Purpose of Review: Islet transplantation, an important approach to achieve insulin independence for individuals with type 1 diabetes, is limited by the lack of accurate biomarkers to track beta-cell death post islet infusion. In this review, we will discuss existing and recently described biomarkers. Recent Findings: As beta cells are killed by the immune system, fragments of beta cell-specific cell-free DNA and proteins are released into the periphery. Several different strategies to identify these fragments have been described. Some circulating, non-coding microRNAs, particularly miRNA-375 are also showing potential to reflect the rate of beta cell loss post-clinical islet transplantation. Summary: Recent advances in identifying accurate beta cell-specific biomarkers such as differentially methylated insulin cell-free DNA and circulating miRNA-375 may help predict clinical outcomes. More studies are required to examine the robustness of these biomarkers to detect chronic beta-cell loss in islet transplantation recipients.

KW - Biomarker

KW - Cell-free DNA

KW - Islet transplantation

KW - microRNA 375

KW - Type 1 diabetes

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U2 - 10.1007/s11892-018-1059-4

DO - 10.1007/s11892-018-1059-4

M3 - Review article (Academic Journal)

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JO - Current Diabetes Reports

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ER -

Biomarkers in Islet Cell Transplantation for Type 1 Diabetes

Abstract

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Keywords

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