Abstract
Purpose of Review: Islet transplantation, an important approach to achieve insulin independence for individuals with type 1 diabetes, is limited by the lack of accurate biomarkers to track beta-cell death post islet infusion. In this review, we will discuss existing and recently described biomarkers.
Recent Findings: As beta cells are killed by the immune system, fragments of beta cell-specific cell-free DNA and proteins are released into the periphery. Several different strategies to identify these fragments have been described. Some circulating, non-coding microRNAs, particularly miRNA-375 are also showing potential to reflect the rate of beta cell loss post-clinical islet transplantation.
Summary: Recent advances in identifying accurate beta cell-specific biomarkers such as differentially methylated insulin cell-free DNA and circulating miRNA-375 may help predict clinical outcomes. More studies are required to examine the robustness of these biomarkers to detect chronic beta-cell loss in islet transplantation recipients.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 94 |
| Journal | Current Diabetes Reports |
| Volume | 18 |
| Issue number | 10 |
| Early online date | 5 Sept 2018 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Oct 2018 |
Keywords
- Biomarker
- Cell-free DNA
- Islet transplantation
- microRNA 375
- Type 1 diabetes
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This is the final published version of the article (version of record). It first appeared online via Springer at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-018-1059-4. Please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher.