Coexistence of entanglement-based quantum channels with DWDM classical channels over hollow core fibre in a four node quantum communication network

Marcus J H Clark; Obada Alia; Sima Bahrani; Gregory T Jasion; Hesham Sakr; Periklis Petropoulos; Francesco Poletti; George Kanellos; John G Rarity; Reza Nejabati; Siddarth Koduru Joshi; Rui Wang; Dimitra Simeonidou

doi:10.48550/arXiv.2508.00072

Coexistence of entanglement-based quantum channels with DWDM classical channels over hollow core fibre in a four node quantum communication network

Marcus J H Clark^*
, Obada Alia
, Sima Bahrani
, Gregory T Jasion
, Hesham Sakr
, Periklis Petropoulos
, Francesco Poletti
, George Kanellos
, John G Rarity
, Reza Nejabati
, Siddarth Koduru Joshi^*
, Rui Wang^*
, Dimitra Simeonidou

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate the coexistence of three entanglement-based quantum channels with carrier-grade classical optical channels over 11.5 km hollow core nested antiresonant nodeless fibre, in a four user quantum network. A transmission of 800 Gbps is achieved with four classical channels simultaneously with three quantum channels all operating in the C-band with a separation of 1.2 nm, with aggregated coexistence power of −3 dBm. We established quantum key distribution in the four-node full-mesh quantum network with Bell state fidelity of up to 90.0 ± 0.8%. The secret key rate for all the links in the network are passively preserved over 55 hours of experimental time.

Original language	English
Article number	181
Journal	npj Quantum Information
Volume	11
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.00072 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01125-7
Publication status	Published - 19 Nov 2025

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2025.

Research Groups and Themes

QETLabs
High Performance Networks

Keywords

Quantum Networks
Entanglement
Coexistance
Quantum Communication
Entanglement Distribution

Access to Document

10.48550/arXiv.2508.00072Licence: CC BY
10.1038/s41534-025-01125-7Licence: CC BY

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3 Citations
1 Conference Contribution (Conference Proceeding)

Coexistence of Entanglement-based Quantum Channels with DWDM Classical Channels over Hollow Core Fiber in a Three Node Quantum Communication Network
Alia, O., Clark, M. J. H., Bahrani, S., Wang, R., Jasion, G., Sakr, H., Hayes, J., Petropoulos, P., poletti, F., Kanellos, G., Rarity, J. G., Nejabati, R., Joshi, S. K. & Simeonidou, D., 4 Jul 2025, 2025 Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition (OFC). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Vol. Tu3D.1. p. 1-3 3 p. (Optical Fiber Communication (OFC) Conference).
Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference Contribution (Conference Proceeding)

Open Access
File

1 Finished
2 Active

Integrated Quantum Networks
Simeonidou, D. (Principal Investigator)
1/12/24 → 30/11/29
Project: Research, Parent
Towards the quantum Internet: Interconnecting Quantum Networks
Joshi, S. K. (Principal Investigator)
1/06/24 → 30/11/26
Project: Research
QComms2: 8031 EP/T001011/1 Quantum Communication Hub via York
Rarity, J. G. (Principal Investigator), Nejabati, R. (Co-Investigator), Simeonidou, D. (Co-Investigator), Sahin, D. (Co-Investigator), Kanellos, G. (Co-Investigator), Aktas, D. V. C. (Researcher), Joshi, S. K. (Researcher), Lowndes, D. L. D. (Researcher), Venkatachalam, N. (Researcher), Hugues Salas, E. (Researcher), Woodland, E. M. (Manager), Erven, C. (Co-Investigator), Zhang, P. (Student), Hance, J. R. (Student), Clark, M. J. H. (Student), Rosenfeld, L. M. (Researcher), Hastings, E. M. J. (Student), Johlinger, F. B. (Student), Wang, R. (Researcher), Stange Tessinari, R. (Researcher), Solomons, N. R. (Student), Fasoulakis, T. (Student) & Alia, O. (Researcher)
1/12/19 → 30/11/24
Project: Research

Advanced quantum communications for next-generation secure optical networks
Alia, O. (Author), Kanellos, G. (Supervisor) & Nejabati, R. (Supervisor), 21 Mar 2023
Student thesis: Doctoral Thesis › Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

File
Quantum Networking through Polarisation Entanglement Distribution
Clark, M. J. H. (Author), Joshi, S. K. (Supervisor) & Rarity, J. G. (Supervisor), 23 Jan 2024
Student thesis: Doctoral Thesis › Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

File

Cite this

Clark, M. J. H., Alia, O., Bahrani, S., Jasion, G. T., Sakr, H., Petropoulos, P., Poletti, F., Kanellos, G., Rarity, J. G., Nejabati, R., Joshi, S. K., Wang, R., & Simeonidou, D. (2025). Coexistence of entanglement-based quantum channels with DWDM classical channels over hollow core fibre in a four node quantum communication network. npj Quantum Information, 11(1), Article 181. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.00072, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01125-7

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title = "Coexistence of entanglement-based quantum channels with DWDM classical channels over hollow core fibre in a four node quantum communication network",

abstract = "We experimentally demonstrate the coexistence of three entanglement-based quantum channels with carrier-grade classical optical channels over 11.5 km hollow core nested antiresonant nodeless fibre, in a four user quantum network. A transmission of 800 Gbps is achieved with four classical channels simultaneously with three quantum channels all operating in the C-band with a separation of 1.2 nm, with aggregated coexistence power of −3 dBm. We established quantum key distribution in the four-node full-mesh quantum network with Bell state fidelity of up to 90.0 ± 0.8\%. The secret key rate for all the links in the network are passively preserved over 55 hours of experimental time.",

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Clark, MJH, Alia, O, Bahrani, S, Jasion, GT, Sakr, H, Petropoulos, P, Poletti, F, Kanellos, G, Rarity, JG, Nejabati, R, Joshi, SK , Wang, R & Simeonidou, D 2025, 'Coexistence of entanglement-based quantum channels with DWDM classical channels over hollow core fibre in a four node quantum communication network', npj Quantum Information, vol. 11, no. 1, 181. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.00072, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01125-7

TY - JOUR

T1 - Coexistence of entanglement-based quantum channels with DWDM classical channels over hollow core fibre in a four node quantum communication network

AU - Clark, Marcus J H

AU - Alia, Obada

AU - Bahrani, Sima

AU - Jasion, Gregory T

AU - Sakr, Hesham

AU - Petropoulos, Periklis

AU - Poletti, Francesco

AU - Kanellos, George

AU - Rarity, John G

AU - Nejabati, Reza

AU - Joshi, Siddarth Koduru

AU - Wang, Rui

AU - Simeonidou, Dimitra

PY - 2025/11/19

Y1 - 2025/11/19

N2 - We experimentally demonstrate the coexistence of three entanglement-based quantum channels with carrier-grade classical optical channels over 11.5 km hollow core nested antiresonant nodeless fibre, in a four user quantum network. A transmission of 800 Gbps is achieved with four classical channels simultaneously with three quantum channels all operating in the C-band with a separation of 1.2 nm, with aggregated coexistence power of −3 dBm. We established quantum key distribution in the four-node full-mesh quantum network with Bell state fidelity of up to 90.0 ± 0.8%. The secret key rate for all the links in the network are passively preserved over 55 hours of experimental time.

AB - We experimentally demonstrate the coexistence of three entanglement-based quantum channels with carrier-grade classical optical channels over 11.5 km hollow core nested antiresonant nodeless fibre, in a four user quantum network. A transmission of 800 Gbps is achieved with four classical channels simultaneously with three quantum channels all operating in the C-band with a separation of 1.2 nm, with aggregated coexistence power of −3 dBm. We established quantum key distribution in the four-node full-mesh quantum network with Bell state fidelity of up to 90.0 ± 0.8%. The secret key rate for all the links in the network are passively preserved over 55 hours of experimental time.

KW - Quantum Networks

KW - Entanglement

KW - Coexistance

KW - Quantum Communication

KW - Entanglement Distribution

U2 - 10.48550/arXiv.2508.00072

DO - 10.48550/arXiv.2508.00072

M3 - Article (Academic Journal)

C2 - 41281907

SN - 2056-6387

VL - 11

JO - npj Quantum Information

JF - npj Quantum Information

IS - 1

M1 - 181

ER -

Coexistence of entanglement-based quantum channels with DWDM classical channels over hollow core fibre in a four node quantum communication network

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Research Groups and Themes

Keywords

Access to Document

Handle.net

Fingerprint

Research output

Coexistence of Entanglement-based Quantum Channels with DWDM Classical Channels over Hollow Core Fiber in a Three Node Quantum Communication Network

Projects

Integrated Quantum Networks

Towards the quantum Internet: Interconnecting Quantum Networks

QComms2: 8031 EP/T001011/1 Quantum Communication Hub via York

Student theses

Advanced quantum communications for next-generation secure optical networks

Quantum Networking through Polarisation Entanglement Distribution

Cite this