Cognitive Processes Associated With Sudden Gains in Cognitive Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Routine Care

Milan Wiedemann; Alecia Nickless; et al.

doi:10.1037/ccp0000488

Cognitive Processes Associated With Sudden Gains in Cognitive Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Routine Care

Milan Wiedemann^*, Alecia Nickless, et al.

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Chemistry

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

27 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

Objective: Although most studies investigating sudden gains in treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) report a positive association between sudden gains and outcomes at the end of treatment, less is known about sudden gains in routine clinical care and the processes involved in their occurrence. This study investigated changes in cognitive factors (negative appraisals, trauma memory characteristics) before, during, and after sudden gains in PTSD symptom severity.

Method: Two samples (N₁ = 248, N₂ = 234) of patients who received trauma-focused cognitive therapy for PTSD in routine clinical care were analyzed. Mahalanobis distance matching, including the propensity score, was used to compare patients with sudden gains and similar patients without sudden gains. Estimates from both samples were meta-analyzed to obtain pooled effects.

Results: Patients with sudden gains (n₁ = 76, n₂ = 87) reported better treatment outcomes in PTSD symptom severity, depression, and anxiety at the end of therapy and follow-up than those without sudden gains. No baseline predictors of sudden gains could be reliably identified. During sudden gains, those with sudden gains had greater changes in both cognitive factors

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	455-469
Number of pages	15
Journal	Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
Volume	88
Issue number	5
Early online date	5 Mar 2020
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000488
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 5 Mar 2020

Keywords

Cognitions
Cognitive therapy
Mechanisms of change
Posttraumatic stress disorder
Sudden gains

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title = "Cognitive Processes Associated With Sudden Gains in Cognitive Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Routine Care",

abstract = "Objective: Although most studies investigating sudden gains in treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) report a positive association between sudden gains and outcomes at the end of treatment, less is known about sudden gains in routine clinical care and the processes involved in their occurrence. This study investigated changes in cognitive factors (negative appraisals, trauma memory characteristics) before, during, and after sudden gains in PTSD symptom severity.Method: Two samples (N1 = 248, N2 = 234) of patients who received trauma-focused cognitive therapy for PTSD in routine clinical care were analyzed. Mahalanobis distance matching, including the propensity score, was used to compare patients with sudden gains and similar patients without sudden gains. Estimates from both samples were meta-analyzed to obtain pooled effects. Results: Patients with sudden gains (n1 = 76, n2 = 87) reported better treatment outcomes in PTSD symptom severity, depression, and anxiety at the end of therapy and follow-up than those without sudden gains. No baseline predictors of sudden gains could be reliably identified. During sudden gains, those with sudden gains had greater changes in both cognitive factors",

keywords = "Cognitions, Cognitive therapy, Mechanisms of change, Posttraumatic stress disorder, Sudden gains",

author = "Milan Wiedemann and Alecia Nickless and et al.",

year = "2020",

month = mar,

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doi = "10.1037/ccp0000488",

language = "English",

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journal = "Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology",

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T1 - Cognitive Processes Associated With Sudden Gains in Cognitive Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Routine Care

AU - Wiedemann, Milan

AU - Nickless, Alecia

AU - al., et

PY - 2020/3/5

Y1 - 2020/3/5

N2 - Objective: Although most studies investigating sudden gains in treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) report a positive association between sudden gains and outcomes at the end of treatment, less is known about sudden gains in routine clinical care and the processes involved in their occurrence. This study investigated changes in cognitive factors (negative appraisals, trauma memory characteristics) before, during, and after sudden gains in PTSD symptom severity.Method: Two samples (N1 = 248, N2 = 234) of patients who received trauma-focused cognitive therapy for PTSD in routine clinical care were analyzed. Mahalanobis distance matching, including the propensity score, was used to compare patients with sudden gains and similar patients without sudden gains. Estimates from both samples were meta-analyzed to obtain pooled effects. Results: Patients with sudden gains (n1 = 76, n2 = 87) reported better treatment outcomes in PTSD symptom severity, depression, and anxiety at the end of therapy and follow-up than those without sudden gains. No baseline predictors of sudden gains could be reliably identified. During sudden gains, those with sudden gains had greater changes in both cognitive factors

AB - Objective: Although most studies investigating sudden gains in treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) report a positive association between sudden gains and outcomes at the end of treatment, less is known about sudden gains in routine clinical care and the processes involved in their occurrence. This study investigated changes in cognitive factors (negative appraisals, trauma memory characteristics) before, during, and after sudden gains in PTSD symptom severity.Method: Two samples (N1 = 248, N2 = 234) of patients who received trauma-focused cognitive therapy for PTSD in routine clinical care were analyzed. Mahalanobis distance matching, including the propensity score, was used to compare patients with sudden gains and similar patients without sudden gains. Estimates from both samples were meta-analyzed to obtain pooled effects. Results: Patients with sudden gains (n1 = 76, n2 = 87) reported better treatment outcomes in PTSD symptom severity, depression, and anxiety at the end of therapy and follow-up than those without sudden gains. No baseline predictors of sudden gains could be reliably identified. During sudden gains, those with sudden gains had greater changes in both cognitive factors

KW - Cognitions

KW - Cognitive therapy

KW - Mechanisms of change

KW - Posttraumatic stress disorder

KW - Sudden gains

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U2 - 10.1037/ccp0000488

DO - 10.1037/ccp0000488

M3 - Article (Academic Journal)

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AN - SCOPUS:85081159213

SN - 0022-006X

VL - 88

SP - 455

EP - 469

JO - Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

JF - Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

IS - 5

ER -

Cognitive Processes Associated With Sudden Gains in Cognitive Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Routine Care

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