Diet or diet plus physical activity versus usual care in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: the Early ACTID randomised controlled trial

R. C. Andrews, A. R. Cooper, A. A. Montgomery, Alastair J Norcross, T. J. Peters, D. J. Sharp, N Jackson, K Fitzsimons, J Bright, Karen D Coulman, Clare Y England, Janet G Gorton, Amanda J McLenaghan, Elizabeth C Paxton, Anne Polet, Catherine A Thompson, C. M. Dayan

Research output: Contribution to journalArticle (Academic Journal)peer-review

247 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Lifestyle changes soon after diagnosis might improve outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but no large trials have compared interventions. We investigated the effects of diet and physical activity on blood pressure and glucose concentrations. METHODS: We did a randomised, controlled trial in southwest England in adults aged 30-80 years in whom type 2 diabetes had been diagnosed 5-8 months previously. Participants were assigned usual care (initial dietary consultation and follow-up every 6 months; control group), an intensive diet intervention (dietary consultation every 3 months with monthly nurse support), or the latter plus a pedometer-based activity programme, in a 2:5:5 ratio. The primary endpoint was improvement in glycated haemoglobin A(1c)(HbA(1c)) concentration and blood pressure at 6 months. Analysis was done by intention to treat. This study is registered, number ISRCTN92162869. FINDINGS: Of 593 eligible individuals, 99 were assigned usual care, 248 the diet regimen, and 246 diet plus activity. Outcome data were available for 587 (99%) and 579 (98%) participants at 6 and 12 months, respectively. At 6 months, glycaemic control had worsened in the control group (mean baseline HbA(1c) percentage 6·72, SD 1·02, and at 6 months 6·86, 1·02) but improved in the diet group (baseline-adjusted difference in percentage of HbA(1c) -0·28%, 95% CI -0·46 to -0·10; p=0·005) and diet plus activity group (-0·33%, -0·51 to -0·14; p
Translated title of the contributionDiet or diet plus physical activity versus usual care in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: the Early ACTID randomised controlled trial
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)129 - 139
Number of pages11
JournalLancet
Volume378
Issue number9786
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 25 Jun 2011

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