Dietary protein and the glycemic index handle insulin resistance within a nutritional program for avoiding weight regain after energy-restricted induced weight loss

Fernando Vidal-Ostos; Omar Ramos-Lopez; Susan Jebb; Angeliki Papadaki; Andreas F H Pfeiffer; Teodora Handjieva-Darlenska; Marie Kunešová; Ellen E.  Blaak; Arne Astrup; J Alfredo Martinez

doi:10.1186/s12986-022-00707-y

Dietary protein and the glycemic index handle insulin resistance within a nutritional program for avoiding weight regain after energy-restricted induced weight loss

Fernando Vidal-Ostos
, Omar Ramos-Lopez^*
, Susan Jebb
, Angeliki Papadaki
, Andreas F H Pfeiffer
, Teodora Handjieva-Darlenska
, Marie Kunešová
, Ellen E. Blaak
, Arne Astrup
, J Alfredo Martinez

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

Background and aim: The role of dietary protein and glycemic index on insulin resistance (based on TyG index) within a nutritional program for weight loss and weight maintenance was examined.
Methods: This study analyzed 744 adults with overweight/obesity within the DIOGenes project. Patients who lost at least 8% of their initial weight (0-8 weeks) after a low-calorie diet (LCD) were randomly assigned to one of five ad libitum diets designed for weight maintenance (8-34 weeks): high/low protein (HP/LP) and high/low glycemic index (HGI/LGI), plus a control. The complete nutritional program (0-34 weeks) included both LCD plus the randomized diets intervention. The TyG index was tested as marker of body mass composition and insulin resistance.
Results: In comparison with the LP/HGI diet, the HP/LGI diet induced a greater BMI loss (P<0.05). ∆TyGwas positively associated with resistance to BMI loss (β=0.343, p=0.042) during the weight maintenance stage. In patients who followed the HP/LGI diet, TyG (after LCD) correlated with greater BMI loss in the 8-34 weeks period (r =-0.256; p<0.05) and during the 0-34 weeks intervention (r =-0.222, p<0.05) periods.ΔTyG1 value was associated with ΔBMI2 (β= 0.932; p= 0.045) concerning the HP/LGI diet.
Conclusions:A HP/LGI diet is beneficial not only for weight maintenance after a LCD, but isalso related to IR amelioration as assessed by TyG index changes.Registration Clinical Trials NCT00390637.

Original language	English
Article number	71
Pages (from-to)	1-15
Journal	Nutrition & Metabolism
Volume	19
Issue number	71
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-022-00707-y
Publication status	Published - 19 Oct 2022

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Research Groups and Themes

SPS Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences
SPS Health Social Care and Disability Research Centre

Keywords

Insulin resistance
TyG index
Protein diet
glycemic index
metabolic improvement
precision nutrition

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Vidal-Ostos, F., Ramos-Lopez, O., Jebb, S., Papadaki, A., Pfeiffer, A. F. H., Handjieva-Darlenska, T., Kunešová, M., Blaak, E. E., Astrup, A., & Martinez, J. A. (2022). Dietary protein and the glycemic index handle insulin resistance within a nutritional program for avoiding weight regain after energy-restricted induced weight loss. Nutrition & Metabolism, 19(71), 1-15. Article 71. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-022-00707-y

@article{c0737afd82da44089f2394525a47e0f8,

title = "Dietary protein and the glycemic index handle insulin resistance within a nutritional program for avoiding weight regain after energy-restricted induced weight loss",

abstract = "Background and aim: The role of dietary protein and glycemic index on insulin resistance (based on TyG index) within a nutritional program for weight loss and weight maintenance was examined. Methods: This study analyzed 744 adults with overweight/obesity within the DIOGenes project. Patients who lost at least 8\% of their initial weight (0-8 weeks) after a low-calorie diet (LCD) were randomly assigned to one of five ad libitum diets designed for weight maintenance (8-34 weeks): high/low protein (HP/LP) and high/low glycemic index (HGI/LGI), plus a control. The complete nutritional program (0-34 weeks) included both LCD plus the randomized diets intervention. The TyG index was tested as marker of body mass composition and insulin resistance. Results: In comparison with the LP/HGI diet, the HP/LGI diet induced a greater BMI loss (P<0.05). ∆TyGwas positively associated with resistance to BMI loss (β=0.343, p=0.042) during the weight maintenance stage. In patients who followed the HP/LGI diet, TyG (after LCD) correlated with greater BMI loss in the 8-34 weeks period (r =-0.256; p<0.05) and during the 0-34 weeks intervention (r =-0.222, p<0.05) periods.ΔTyG1 value was associated with ΔBMI2 (β= 0.932; p= 0.045) concerning the HP/LGI diet. Conclusions:A HP/LGI diet is beneficial not only for weight maintenance after a LCD, but isalso related to IR amelioration as assessed by TyG index changes.Registration Clinical Trials NCT00390637. ",

keywords = "Insulin resistance, TyG index, Protein diet, glycemic index, metabolic improvement, precision nutrition",

author = "Fernando Vidal-Ostos and Omar Ramos-Lopez and Susan Jebb and Angeliki Papadaki and Pfeiffer, \{Andreas F H\} and Teodora Handjieva-Darlenska and Marie Kune{\v s}ov{\'a} and Blaak, \{Ellen E.\} and Arne Astrup and Martinez, \{J Alfredo\}",

year = "2022",

month = oct,

day = "19",

doi = "10.1186/s12986-022-00707-y",

language = "English",

volume = "19",

pages = "1--15",

journal = "Nutrition \& Metabolism",

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Vidal-Ostos, F, Ramos-Lopez, O, Jebb, S, Papadaki, A, Pfeiffer, AFH, Handjieva-Darlenska, T, Kunešová, M, Blaak, EE, Astrup, A & Martinez, JA 2022, 'Dietary protein and the glycemic index handle insulin resistance within a nutritional program for avoiding weight regain after energy-restricted induced weight loss', Nutrition & Metabolism, vol. 19, no. 71, 71, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-022-00707-y

Dietary protein and the glycemic index handle insulin resistance within a nutritional program for avoiding weight regain after energy-restricted induced weight loss. / Vidal-Ostos, Fernando; Ramos-Lopez, Omar; Jebb, Susan et al.
In: Nutrition & Metabolism, Vol. 19, No. 71, 71, 19.10.2022, p. 1-15.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Dietary protein and the glycemic index handle insulin resistance within a nutritional program for avoiding weight regain after energy-restricted induced weight loss

AU - Vidal-Ostos, Fernando

AU - Ramos-Lopez, Omar

AU - Jebb, Susan

AU - Papadaki, Angeliki

AU - Pfeiffer, Andreas F H

AU - Handjieva-Darlenska, Teodora

AU - Kunešová, Marie

AU - Blaak, Ellen E.

AU - Astrup, Arne

AU - Martinez, J Alfredo

PY - 2022/10/19

Y1 - 2022/10/19

N2 - Background and aim: The role of dietary protein and glycemic index on insulin resistance (based on TyG index) within a nutritional program for weight loss and weight maintenance was examined. Methods: This study analyzed 744 adults with overweight/obesity within the DIOGenes project. Patients who lost at least 8% of their initial weight (0-8 weeks) after a low-calorie diet (LCD) were randomly assigned to one of five ad libitum diets designed for weight maintenance (8-34 weeks): high/low protein (HP/LP) and high/low glycemic index (HGI/LGI), plus a control. The complete nutritional program (0-34 weeks) included both LCD plus the randomized diets intervention. The TyG index was tested as marker of body mass composition and insulin resistance. Results: In comparison with the LP/HGI diet, the HP/LGI diet induced a greater BMI loss (P<0.05). ∆TyGwas positively associated with resistance to BMI loss (β=0.343, p=0.042) during the weight maintenance stage. In patients who followed the HP/LGI diet, TyG (after LCD) correlated with greater BMI loss in the 8-34 weeks period (r =-0.256; p<0.05) and during the 0-34 weeks intervention (r =-0.222, p<0.05) periods.ΔTyG1 value was associated with ΔBMI2 (β= 0.932; p= 0.045) concerning the HP/LGI diet. Conclusions:A HP/LGI diet is beneficial not only for weight maintenance after a LCD, but isalso related to IR amelioration as assessed by TyG index changes.Registration Clinical Trials NCT00390637.

AB - Background and aim: The role of dietary protein and glycemic index on insulin resistance (based on TyG index) within a nutritional program for weight loss and weight maintenance was examined. Methods: This study analyzed 744 adults with overweight/obesity within the DIOGenes project. Patients who lost at least 8% of their initial weight (0-8 weeks) after a low-calorie diet (LCD) were randomly assigned to one of five ad libitum diets designed for weight maintenance (8-34 weeks): high/low protein (HP/LP) and high/low glycemic index (HGI/LGI), plus a control. The complete nutritional program (0-34 weeks) included both LCD plus the randomized diets intervention. The TyG index was tested as marker of body mass composition and insulin resistance. Results: In comparison with the LP/HGI diet, the HP/LGI diet induced a greater BMI loss (P<0.05). ∆TyGwas positively associated with resistance to BMI loss (β=0.343, p=0.042) during the weight maintenance stage. In patients who followed the HP/LGI diet, TyG (after LCD) correlated with greater BMI loss in the 8-34 weeks period (r =-0.256; p<0.05) and during the 0-34 weeks intervention (r =-0.222, p<0.05) periods.ΔTyG1 value was associated with ΔBMI2 (β= 0.932; p= 0.045) concerning the HP/LGI diet. Conclusions:A HP/LGI diet is beneficial not only for weight maintenance after a LCD, but isalso related to IR amelioration as assessed by TyG index changes.Registration Clinical Trials NCT00390637.

KW - Insulin resistance

KW - TyG index

KW - Protein diet

KW - glycemic index

KW - metabolic improvement

KW - precision nutrition

U2 - 10.1186/s12986-022-00707-y

DO - 10.1186/s12986-022-00707-y

M3 - Article (Academic Journal)

C2 - 36261843

SN - 1743-7075

VL - 19

SP - 1

EP - 15

JO - Nutrition & Metabolism

JF - Nutrition & Metabolism

IS - 71

M1 - 71

ER -

Dietary protein and the glycemic index handle insulin resistance within a nutritional program for avoiding weight regain after energy-restricted induced weight loss

Abstract

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Keywords

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