Don't kick the habit: The role of dependency in habit formation apps

Ian Renfree; Daniel Harrison; Paul Marshall; Katarzyna Stawarz; Anna Cox

doi:10.1145/2851581.2892495

Don't kick the habit: The role of dependency in habit formation apps

Ian Renfree
, Daniel Harrison
, Paul Marshall
, Katarzyna Stawarz
, Anna Cox

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference Contribution (Conference Proceeding)

52 Citations (Scopus)

976 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Habit formation apps are intended to help instigate and maintain new behaviors. Prior research has established that these apps mostly do not support the theoretical 'habit' construct defined in psychology, yet are generally popular and well reviewed in app stores. This apparent mismatch between theory and 'in-the-wild' usage has not been investigated to date. Through an in-depth qualitative study of a popular application Lift, this research establishes that common techniques such as reminders and streaks are effective at supporting repetition of new behaviors, but at the same time create a dependency: on-going app use is often required to achieve lasting change. This dependency introduces fragility in users' attempts to change their behavior, as they often abandon the app and subsequently disengage with their new behaviors.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	CHI EA '16 Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Publisher	Association for Computing Machinery
Pages	2932-2939
Number of pages	8
ISBN (Electronic)	9781450340823
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1145/2851581.2892495
Publication status	Published - 7 May 2016
Event	34th Annual CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2016: chi4good - San Jose, United States Duration: 7 May 2016 → 12 May 2016 Conference number: 34 https://chi2016.acm.org/wp/

Conference

Conference	34th Annual CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2016
Abbreviated title	CHI 2016
Country/Territory	United States
City	San Jose
Period	7/05/16 → 12/05/16
Other	For those who are finding out about CHI – pronounced kai – for the first time, CHI is a place to see, discuss and learn about the future of how people interact with technology. At any minute you might experience a new gesture interface for tablets, learn how developing countries use mobile phones for maternal health, play soccer against someone 3000 miles away, or debate the future of online education. You’ll meet with top researchers from universities, corporations and startups from across the world, as well as the brightest student scientists, designers, and researchers. It’s a place to find your community, to talk about your toughest problems, and to find your next job.
Internet address	https://chi2016.acm.org/wp/

Research Groups and Themes

Bristol Interaction Group

Keywords

Behavior change
Habit formation
Reminders
Smartphone apps
Streaks

Access to Document

10.1145/2851581.2892495

Full-text PDF (final published version)
This is the final published version of the article (version of record). It first appeared online via ACM at https://doi.org/10.1145/2851581.2892495 . Please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher.
Final published version, 848 KB

Handle.net

Persistent link

Cite this

@inproceedings{50792bf60439436e8c1dbd1a70231eee,

title = "Don't kick the habit: The role of dependency in habit formation apps",

abstract = "Habit formation apps are intended to help instigate and maintain new behaviors. Prior research has established that these apps mostly do not support the theoretical 'habit' construct defined in psychology, yet are generally popular and well reviewed in app stores. This apparent mismatch between theory and 'in-the-wild' usage has not been investigated to date. Through an in-depth qualitative study of a popular application Lift, this research establishes that common techniques such as reminders and streaks are effective at supporting repetition of new behaviors, but at the same time create a dependency: on-going app use is often required to achieve lasting change. This dependency introduces fragility in users' attempts to change their behavior, as they often abandon the app and subsequently disengage with their new behaviors.",

keywords = "Behavior change, Habit formation, Reminders, Smartphone apps, Streaks",

author = "Ian Renfree and Daniel Harrison and Paul Marshall and Katarzyna Stawarz and Anna Cox",

year = "2016",

month = may,

day = "7",

doi = "10.1145/2851581.2892495",

language = "English",

pages = "2932--2939",

booktitle = "CHI EA '16 Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems",

publisher = "Association for Computing Machinery",

address = "United States",

note = "34th Annual CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2016 : chi4good, CHI 2016 ; Conference date: 07-05-2016 Through 12-05-2016",

url = "https://chi2016.acm.org/wp/",

}

Renfree, I, Harrison, D, Marshall, P, Stawarz, K & Cox, A 2016, Don't kick the habit: The role of dependency in habit formation apps. in CHI EA '16 Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 2932-2939, 34th Annual CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2016, San Jose, California, United States, 7/05/16. https://doi.org/10.1145/2851581.2892495

Don't kick the habit: The role of dependency in habit formation apps. / Renfree, Ian; Harrison, Daniel; Marshall, Paul et al.
CHI EA '16 Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Association for Computing Machinery, 2016. p. 2932-2939.

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference Contribution (Conference Proceeding)

TY - GEN

T1 - Don't kick the habit

T2 - 34th Annual CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2016

AU - Renfree, Ian

AU - Harrison, Daniel

AU - Marshall, Paul

AU - Stawarz, Katarzyna

AU - Cox, Anna

N1 - Conference code: 34

PY - 2016/5/7

Y1 - 2016/5/7

N2 - Habit formation apps are intended to help instigate and maintain new behaviors. Prior research has established that these apps mostly do not support the theoretical 'habit' construct defined in psychology, yet are generally popular and well reviewed in app stores. This apparent mismatch between theory and 'in-the-wild' usage has not been investigated to date. Through an in-depth qualitative study of a popular application Lift, this research establishes that common techniques such as reminders and streaks are effective at supporting repetition of new behaviors, but at the same time create a dependency: on-going app use is often required to achieve lasting change. This dependency introduces fragility in users' attempts to change their behavior, as they often abandon the app and subsequently disengage with their new behaviors.

AB - Habit formation apps are intended to help instigate and maintain new behaviors. Prior research has established that these apps mostly do not support the theoretical 'habit' construct defined in psychology, yet are generally popular and well reviewed in app stores. This apparent mismatch between theory and 'in-the-wild' usage has not been investigated to date. Through an in-depth qualitative study of a popular application Lift, this research establishes that common techniques such as reminders and streaks are effective at supporting repetition of new behaviors, but at the same time create a dependency: on-going app use is often required to achieve lasting change. This dependency introduces fragility in users' attempts to change their behavior, as they often abandon the app and subsequently disengage with their new behaviors.

KW - Behavior change

KW - Habit formation

KW - Reminders

KW - Smartphone apps

KW - Streaks

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85014687516

U2 - 10.1145/2851581.2892495

DO - 10.1145/2851581.2892495

M3 - Conference Contribution (Conference Proceeding)

AN - SCOPUS:85014687516

SP - 2932

EP - 2939

BT - CHI EA '16 Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems

PB - Association for Computing Machinery

Y2 - 7 May 2016 through 12 May 2016

ER -

Don't kick the habit: The role of dependency in habit formation apps

Abstract

Conference

Research Groups and Themes

Keywords

Access to Document

Handle.net

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this