Abstract
Importance Inadequate management of elevated blood pressure (BP) is a significant contributing factor to maternal deaths. Self-monitoring of BP in the general population has been shown to improve the diagnosis and management of hypertension; however, little is known about its use in pregnancy.
Objective To determine whether self-monitoring of BP in higher-risk pregnancies leads to earlier detection of pregnancy hypertension.
Design, Setting, and Participants Unblinded, randomized clinical trial that included 2441 pregnant individuals at higher risk of preeclampsia and recruited at a mean of 20 weeks’ gestation from 15 hospital maternity units in England between November 2018 and October 2019. Final follow-up was completed in April 2020.
Interventions Participating individuals were randomized to either BP self-monitoring with telemonitoring (n = 1223) plus usual care or usual antenatal care alone (n = 1218) without access to telemonitored BP.
Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was time to first recorded hypertension measured by a health care professional.
Results Among 2441 participants who were randomized (mean [SD] age, 33 [5.6] years; mean gestation, 20 [1.6] weeks), 2346 (96%) completed the trial. The time from randomization to clinic recording of hypertension was not significantly different between individuals in the self-monitoring group (mean [SD], 104.3 [32.6] days) vs in the usual care group (mean [SD], 106.2 [32.0] days) (mean difference, −1.6 days [95% CI, −8.1 to 4.9]; P = .64). Eighteen serious adverse events were reported during the trial with none judged as related to the intervention (12 [1%] in the self-monitoring group vs 6 [0.5%] in the usual care group).
Conclusions and Relevance Among pregnant individuals at higher risk of preeclampsia, blood pressure self-monitoring with telemonitoring, compared with usual care, did not lead to significantly earlier clinic-based detection of hypertension.
Objective To determine whether self-monitoring of BP in higher-risk pregnancies leads to earlier detection of pregnancy hypertension.
Design, Setting, and Participants Unblinded, randomized clinical trial that included 2441 pregnant individuals at higher risk of preeclampsia and recruited at a mean of 20 weeks’ gestation from 15 hospital maternity units in England between November 2018 and October 2019. Final follow-up was completed in April 2020.
Interventions Participating individuals were randomized to either BP self-monitoring with telemonitoring (n = 1223) plus usual care or usual antenatal care alone (n = 1218) without access to telemonitored BP.
Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was time to first recorded hypertension measured by a health care professional.
Results Among 2441 participants who were randomized (mean [SD] age, 33 [5.6] years; mean gestation, 20 [1.6] weeks), 2346 (96%) completed the trial. The time from randomization to clinic recording of hypertension was not significantly different between individuals in the self-monitoring group (mean [SD], 104.3 [32.6] days) vs in the usual care group (mean [SD], 106.2 [32.0] days) (mean difference, −1.6 days [95% CI, −8.1 to 4.9]; P = .64). Eighteen serious adverse events were reported during the trial with none judged as related to the intervention (12 [1%] in the self-monitoring group vs 6 [0.5%] in the usual care group).
Conclusions and Relevance Among pregnant individuals at higher risk of preeclampsia, blood pressure self-monitoring with telemonitoring, compared with usual care, did not lead to significantly earlier clinic-based detection of hypertension.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1656-1665 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association |
| Volume | 327 |
| Issue number | 17 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 3 May 2022 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Rivero-Arias reported being a member of the EuroQol Group, which is the copyright holder of the EQ-5D instruments. Ms Engonidou reported the BUMP intervention was licensed by Oxford University for free during the pandemic and the University has received fees subsequently from Sensyne during the conduct of the study; and receiving licenses and paid consultancy to the University of Oxford with regard to a telemonitoring intervention for Omron. Dr Mackillop reported receiving personal fees from Sensyne Health plc outside the submitted work. Dr Santos reported receiving personal fees from Sensyne Health Group outside the submitted work; and holding a patent for Oxford University Innovation Project 17725, BUMP - Technology License licensed to Sensyne Health Group. Dr Tarassenko reported personal fees from Sensyne Health and grants from Sensyne Health outside the submitted work. Dr Velardo reported holding a patent for Oxford University Innovation Project 17725, BUMP - Technology License licensed to Sensyne Health Group. Dr McManus reported fees from Sensyne; the BUMP intervention was licensed by Oxford University for free during the pandemic and the university has received fees subsequently during the conduct of the study; and licenses and paid consultancy to the University of Oxford from Omron with regard to a telemonitoring intervention. Dr McManus also reported occasional travel reimbursement and accommodation for speaking at conferences, most recently ESH and ASN in 2019. Any honoraria were paid to his institution. No other disclosures were reported.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Keywords
- Pregnancy
- Gestational Hypertension
- Pre-eclampsia
- Hypertension
- Self-monitoring
- Blood Pressure
- Telemonitoring
- Clinical Trial