TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of working memory updating on children's arithmetic performance and strategy use
T2 - A study in computational estimation
AU - Hammerstein, Svenja
AU - Poloczek, Sebastian
AU - Lösche, Patrick
AU - Lemaire, Patrick
AU - Büttner, Gerhard
PY - 2019/8/1
Y1 - 2019/8/1
N2 - The current study investigated how children's working memory updating processes influence arithmetic performance and strategy use. Large samples of third and fourth graders were asked to find estimates of two-digit addition problems (e.g., 42 + 76). On each problem, children could choose between the rounding-down strategy (i.e., rounding both operands down to the closest decades) or the rounding-up strategy (i.e., rounding both operands up to the closest decades). Four tasks were used to assess updating. Analyses of strategy use revealed that children with more efficient updating showed higher levels of (a) strategy flexibility (i.e., they were less likely to use a single strategy on all or nearly all problems within a test block), (b) strategy adaptivity (i.e., they selected the better strategy overall more often and were more adaptive specifically on homogeneous and rounding-up problems), and (c) strategy performance (i.e., they tended to execute strategies more quickly, especially on homogeneous and larger problems). Finally, updating exerted a more important role for problem type effects in younger children than in older children. These findings have important implications for further understanding how working memory updating processes influence children's arithmetic performance and age-related differences therein.
AB - The current study investigated how children's working memory updating processes influence arithmetic performance and strategy use. Large samples of third and fourth graders were asked to find estimates of two-digit addition problems (e.g., 42 + 76). On each problem, children could choose between the rounding-down strategy (i.e., rounding both operands down to the closest decades) or the rounding-up strategy (i.e., rounding both operands up to the closest decades). Four tasks were used to assess updating. Analyses of strategy use revealed that children with more efficient updating showed higher levels of (a) strategy flexibility (i.e., they were less likely to use a single strategy on all or nearly all problems within a test block), (b) strategy adaptivity (i.e., they selected the better strategy overall more often and were more adaptive specifically on homogeneous and rounding-up problems), and (c) strategy performance (i.e., they tended to execute strategies more quickly, especially on homogeneous and larger problems). Finally, updating exerted a more important role for problem type effects in younger children than in older children. These findings have important implications for further understanding how working memory updating processes influence children's arithmetic performance and age-related differences therein.
KW - Arithmetic
KW - Computational estimation
KW - Development
KW - Executive functions
KW - Strategy use
KW - Working memory
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85064616664&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jecp.2019.04.003
DO - 10.1016/j.jecp.2019.04.003
M3 - Article (Academic Journal)
C2 - 31039446
AN - SCOPUS:85064616664
VL - 184
SP - 174
EP - 191
JO - Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
JF - Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
SN - 0022-0965
ER -