Experimental Evaluation of Transmission of C+L+U Bands Over an Unrepeatered Link

Divya A. Shaji; Ruben S. Luís; Daniele Orsuti; Lucas A. Zischler; Benjamin J. Puttnam; Manuel S. Neves; Budsara Boriboon; Giammarco Di Sciullo; Qi Wu; Mingming Tan; Dini Pratiwi; Aleksandr Donodin; Ian Phillips; Wladek Forysiak; Luca Palmieri; Fernando P. Guiomar; Paulo P. Monteiro; Antonio Mecozzi; Cristian Antonelli; Hideaki Furukawa

doi:10.1109/JLT.2025.3639075

Experimental Evaluation of Transmission of C+L+U Bands Over an Unrepeatered Link

Divya A. Shaji^*, Ruben S. Luís, Daniele Orsuti, Lucas A. Zischler, Benjamin J. Puttnam, Manuel S. Neves, Budsara Boriboon, Giammarco Di Sciullo, Qi Wu, Mingming Tan, Dini Pratiwi, Aleksandr Donodin, Ian Phillips, Wladek Forysiak, Luca Palmieri, Fernando P. Guiomar, Paulo P. Monteiro, Antonio Mecozzi, Cristian Antonelli, Hideaki Furukawa

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Electrical, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

Abstract

We investigate the potential to expand the transmission bandwidth beyond the C-band to include the L- and U-bands over an unrepeatered link. We characterize three fibers - a G.654 compliant Sumitomo Z+ fiber, a G.657 compliant Corning SMF28ULTRA fiber, and a G.652 compliant OFS AllWave Zero Water Peak (ZWP) fiber - for their attenuation profiles and Raman gain efficiencies in the L- and U-bands. We demonstrate the transmission of C+L+U bands over an unrepeatered link of 257.1 km. The transmission system includes band-specific erbium-doped fiber amplifiers for the C- and L- bands, lumped Raman amplifiers for the U-band, and bidirectional distributed Raman amplification for the three bands. We report a decoded data-rate of 84.5 Tb/s over a spectral bandwidth of 109.2 nm using 520 polarization-multiplexed 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulated channels across C+L+U bands. We investigate ways to manage the effects of stimulated Raman scattering while expanding the transmission window beyond 100 nm over an unrepeatered link.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1249-1258
Number of pages	10
Journal	Journal of Lightwave Technology
Volume	44
Issue number	4
Early online date	2 Dec 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2025.3639075
Publication status	Published - 15 Feb 2026

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© 2025 The Authors.

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Shaji, D. A., Luís, R. S., Orsuti, D., Zischler, L. A., Puttnam, B. J., Neves, M. S., Boriboon, B., Sciullo, G. D., Wu, Q., Tan, M., Pratiwi, D., Donodin, A., Phillips, I., Forysiak, W., Palmieri, L., Guiomar, F. P., Monteiro, P. P., Mecozzi, A., Antonelli, C., & Furukawa, H. (2026). Experimental Evaluation of Transmission of C+L+U Bands Over an Unrepeatered Link. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 44(4), 1249-1258. https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2025.3639075

@article{368b7a650d234c9fb464c8eea65dd4fa,

title = "Experimental Evaluation of Transmission of C+L+U Bands Over an Unrepeatered Link",

abstract = "We investigate the potential to expand the transmission bandwidth beyond the C-band to include the L- and U-bands over an unrepeatered link. We characterize three fibers - a G.654 compliant Sumitomo Z+ fiber, a G.657 compliant Corning SMF28ULTRA fiber, and a G.652 compliant OFS AllWave Zero Water Peak (ZWP) fiber - for their attenuation profiles and Raman gain efficiencies in the L- and U-bands. We demonstrate the transmission of C+L+U bands over an unrepeatered link of 257.1 km. The transmission system includes band-specific erbium-doped fiber amplifiers for the C- and L- bands, lumped Raman amplifiers for the U-band, and bidirectional distributed Raman amplification for the three bands. We report a decoded data-rate of 84.5 Tb/s over a spectral bandwidth of 109.2 nm using 520 polarization-multiplexed 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulated channels across C+L+U bands. We investigate ways to manage the effects of stimulated Raman scattering while expanding the transmission window beyond 100 nm over an unrepeatered link.",

author = "Shaji, \{Divya A.\} and Lu{\'i}s, \{Ruben S.\} and Daniele Orsuti and Zischler, \{Lucas A.\} and Puttnam, \{Benjamin J.\} and Neves, \{Manuel S.\} and Budsara Boriboon and Sciullo, \{Giammarco Di\} and Qi Wu and Mingming Tan and Dini Pratiwi and Aleksandr Donodin and Ian Phillips and Wladek Forysiak and Luca Palmieri and Guiomar, \{Fernando P.\} and Monteiro, \{Paulo P.\} and Antonio Mecozzi and Cristian Antonelli and Hideaki Furukawa",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 The Authors. ",

year = "2026",

month = feb,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1109/JLT.2025.3639075",

language = "English",

volume = "44",

pages = "1249--1258",

journal = "Journal of Lightwave Technology",

issn = "0733-8724",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)",

number = "4",

}

Shaji, DA, Luís, RS, Orsuti, D, Zischler, LA, Puttnam, BJ, Neves, MS, Boriboon, B, Sciullo, GD, Wu, Q, Tan, M, Pratiwi, D, Donodin, A, Phillips, I, Forysiak, W, Palmieri, L, Guiomar, FP, Monteiro, PP, Mecozzi, A, Antonelli, C & Furukawa, H 2026, 'Experimental Evaluation of Transmission of C+L+U Bands Over an Unrepeatered Link', Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 1249-1258. https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2025.3639075

TY - JOUR

T1 - Experimental Evaluation of Transmission of C+L+U Bands Over an Unrepeatered Link

AU - Shaji, Divya A.

AU - Luís, Ruben S.

AU - Orsuti, Daniele

AU - Zischler, Lucas A.

AU - Puttnam, Benjamin J.

AU - Neves, Manuel S.

AU - Boriboon, Budsara

AU - Sciullo, Giammarco Di

AU - Wu, Qi

AU - Tan, Mingming

AU - Pratiwi, Dini

AU - Donodin, Aleksandr

AU - Phillips, Ian

AU - Forysiak, Wladek

AU - Palmieri, Luca

AU - Guiomar, Fernando P.

AU - Monteiro, Paulo P.

AU - Mecozzi, Antonio

AU - Antonelli, Cristian

AU - Furukawa, Hideaki

PY - 2026/2/15

Y1 - 2026/2/15

N2 - We investigate the potential to expand the transmission bandwidth beyond the C-band to include the L- and U-bands over an unrepeatered link. We characterize three fibers - a G.654 compliant Sumitomo Z+ fiber, a G.657 compliant Corning SMF28ULTRA fiber, and a G.652 compliant OFS AllWave Zero Water Peak (ZWP) fiber - for their attenuation profiles and Raman gain efficiencies in the L- and U-bands. We demonstrate the transmission of C+L+U bands over an unrepeatered link of 257.1 km. The transmission system includes band-specific erbium-doped fiber amplifiers for the C- and L- bands, lumped Raman amplifiers for the U-band, and bidirectional distributed Raman amplification for the three bands. We report a decoded data-rate of 84.5 Tb/s over a spectral bandwidth of 109.2 nm using 520 polarization-multiplexed 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulated channels across C+L+U bands. We investigate ways to manage the effects of stimulated Raman scattering while expanding the transmission window beyond 100 nm over an unrepeatered link.

AB - We investigate the potential to expand the transmission bandwidth beyond the C-band to include the L- and U-bands over an unrepeatered link. We characterize three fibers - a G.654 compliant Sumitomo Z+ fiber, a G.657 compliant Corning SMF28ULTRA fiber, and a G.652 compliant OFS AllWave Zero Water Peak (ZWP) fiber - for their attenuation profiles and Raman gain efficiencies in the L- and U-bands. We demonstrate the transmission of C+L+U bands over an unrepeatered link of 257.1 km. The transmission system includes band-specific erbium-doped fiber amplifiers for the C- and L- bands, lumped Raman amplifiers for the U-band, and bidirectional distributed Raman amplification for the three bands. We report a decoded data-rate of 84.5 Tb/s over a spectral bandwidth of 109.2 nm using 520 polarization-multiplexed 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulated channels across C+L+U bands. We investigate ways to manage the effects of stimulated Raman scattering while expanding the transmission window beyond 100 nm over an unrepeatered link.

U2 - 10.1109/JLT.2025.3639075

DO - 10.1109/JLT.2025.3639075

M3 - Article (Academic Journal)

SN - 0733-8724

VL - 44

SP - 1249

EP - 1258

JO - Journal of Lightwave Technology

JF - Journal of Lightwave Technology

IS - 4

ER -

Experimental Evaluation of Transmission of C+L+U Bands Over an Unrepeatered Link

Abstract

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