Experimental investigation of dynamic behaviour of cantilever retaining walls

The dynamic behaviour of cantilever retaining walls under earthquake action is explored by means of 1-g shaking table testing, carried out on scaled models at the Bristol Laboratory for Advanced Dynamics Engineering (BLADE), University of Bristol, UK. The experimental program encompasses different combinations of retaining wall geometries, soil configurations and input ground motions. The response analysis of the systems at hand aimed at shedding light onto the salient features of the problem, such as: (1) the magnitude of the soil thrust and its point of application; (2) the relative sliding as opposed to rocking of the wal land the corresponding failure mode; (3) the importance/interplay between soil stiffness, wall dimensions, and excitation characteristics, as affecting the above. The results of the experimental investigations are in good agreement with the theoretical models used for the analysis and are expected to be useful for the better understanding and the optimization of earthquake design of this type of retaining structure.