Flexible photonics in low stiffness doped silica for use in fibre reinforced polymer composite materials

Christopher Holmes; Mike Godfrey; Paolo  Mennea; Shahrzad   Zahertar; Janice M Dulieu-Barton

doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2022.113133

Flexible photonics in low stiffness doped silica for use in fibre reinforced polymer composite materials

Christopher Holmes^*, Mike Godfrey, Paolo Mennea, Shahrzad Zahertar , Janice M Dulieu-Barton

^*Corresponding author for this work

Bristol Composites Institute

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

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Abstract

The production of a flexible photonic device in doped silica with a Young’s modulus that is significantly less than that of traditional silica glass is described. Here the purpose of reducing the modulus is to make planar sensors more applicable for integration into fibre reinforced polymer composite structures. The flexible planar substrate (58 µm thick) consists of three doped silica layers, fabricated using sacrificial silicon wafer processing. It is demonstrated that a Young’s modulus of around 40 GPa can be achieved in comparison to a value above 70 GPa for typical silica glass. The optical response of a few mode waveguide that is direct UV written within the central core layer of the flexible glass platform is described. The mechanical stiffness of the platform is determined using nano-indentation tests and confirmed in mechanical tests that demonstrate clearly the flexible nature of the platform. To assess usability for applications integrated into structures undergoing mechanical loading the fatigue lifetime for one million bending cycles is investigated. No degradation to the optical response was observed under the performed testing.

Original language	English
Article number	113133
Number of pages	8
Journal	Optical Materials
Volume	134
Issue number	A
Early online date	5 Nov 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2022.113133
Publication status	Published - 1 Dec 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank: Dr Richard Cook for his considerable help with the nanoindentation experiments; Prof Francesco Poletti, Dr Thomas Bradley, Mr Nicholas White and Mr Glenn Topley for assistance with flat fibre drawing. The research has been developed under EPSRC 'Roll-2-Roll (R2R) manufacture of multilayer planar optics', EP/V053213/1 and 'EPSRC Future Composites and Manufacturing Hub', EP/P006701/1. For the purpose of open access, the author has applied a creative commons attribution (CC BY) licence (where permitted by UKRI, ‘open government licence’ or ‘creative commons attribution no-derivatives (CC BY-ND) licence’ may be stated instead) to any author accepted manuscript version arising.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors

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title = "Flexible photonics in low stiffness doped silica for use in fibre reinforced polymer composite materials",

abstract = "The production of a flexible photonic device in doped silica with a Young{\textquoteright}s modulus that is significantly less than that of traditional silica glass is described. Here the purpose of reducing the modulus is to make planar sensors more applicable for integration into fibre reinforced polymer composite structures. The flexible planar substrate (58 µm thick) consists of three doped silica layers, fabricated using sacrificial silicon wafer processing. It is demonstrated that a Young{\textquoteright}s modulus of around 40 GPa can be achieved in comparison to a value above 70 GPa for typical silica glass. The optical response of a few mode waveguide that is direct UV written within the central core layer of the flexible glass platform is described. The mechanical stiffness of the platform is determined using nano-indentation tests and confirmed in mechanical tests that demonstrate clearly the flexible nature of the platform. To assess usability for applications integrated into structures undergoing mechanical loading the fatigue lifetime for one million bending cycles is investigated. No degradation to the optical response was observed under the performed testing.",

author = "Christopher Holmes and Mike Godfrey and Paolo Mennea and Shahrzad Zahertar and Dulieu-Barton, \{Janice M\}",

note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank: Dr Richard Cook for his considerable help with the nanoindentation experiments; Prof Francesco Poletti, Dr Thomas Bradley, Mr Nicholas White and Mr Glenn Topley for assistance with flat fibre drawing. The research has been developed under EPSRC 'Roll-2-Roll (R2R) manufacture of multilayer planar optics', EP/V053213/1 and 'EPSRC Future Composites and Manufacturing Hub', EP/P006701/1. For the purpose of open access, the author has applied a creative commons attribution (CC BY) licence (where permitted by UKRI, {\textquoteleft}open government licence{\textquoteright} or {\textquoteleft}creative commons attribution no-derivatives (CC BY-ND) licence{\textquoteright} may be stated instead) to any author accepted manuscript version arising. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Authors",

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AU - Zahertar , Shahrzad

AU - Dulieu-Barton , Janice M

N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to thank: Dr Richard Cook for his considerable help with the nanoindentation experiments; Prof Francesco Poletti, Dr Thomas Bradley, Mr Nicholas White and Mr Glenn Topley for assistance with flat fibre drawing. The research has been developed under EPSRC 'Roll-2-Roll (R2R) manufacture of multilayer planar optics', EP/V053213/1 and 'EPSRC Future Composites and Manufacturing Hub', EP/P006701/1. For the purpose of open access, the author has applied a creative commons attribution (CC BY) licence (where permitted by UKRI, ‘open government licence’ or ‘creative commons attribution no-derivatives (CC BY-ND) licence’ may be stated instead) to any author accepted manuscript version arising. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors

PY - 2022/12/1

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N2 - The production of a flexible photonic device in doped silica with a Young’s modulus that is significantly less than that of traditional silica glass is described. Here the purpose of reducing the modulus is to make planar sensors more applicable for integration into fibre reinforced polymer composite structures. The flexible planar substrate (58 µm thick) consists of three doped silica layers, fabricated using sacrificial silicon wafer processing. It is demonstrated that a Young’s modulus of around 40 GPa can be achieved in comparison to a value above 70 GPa for typical silica glass. The optical response of a few mode waveguide that is direct UV written within the central core layer of the flexible glass platform is described. The mechanical stiffness of the platform is determined using nano-indentation tests and confirmed in mechanical tests that demonstrate clearly the flexible nature of the platform. To assess usability for applications integrated into structures undergoing mechanical loading the fatigue lifetime for one million bending cycles is investigated. No degradation to the optical response was observed under the performed testing.

AB - The production of a flexible photonic device in doped silica with a Young’s modulus that is significantly less than that of traditional silica glass is described. Here the purpose of reducing the modulus is to make planar sensors more applicable for integration into fibre reinforced polymer composite structures. The flexible planar substrate (58 µm thick) consists of three doped silica layers, fabricated using sacrificial silicon wafer processing. It is demonstrated that a Young’s modulus of around 40 GPa can be achieved in comparison to a value above 70 GPa for typical silica glass. The optical response of a few mode waveguide that is direct UV written within the central core layer of the flexible glass platform is described. The mechanical stiffness of the platform is determined using nano-indentation tests and confirmed in mechanical tests that demonstrate clearly the flexible nature of the platform. To assess usability for applications integrated into structures undergoing mechanical loading the fatigue lifetime for one million bending cycles is investigated. No degradation to the optical response was observed under the performed testing.

U2 - 10.1016/j.optmat.2022.113133

DO - 10.1016/j.optmat.2022.113133

M3 - Article (Academic Journal)

VL - 134

JO - Optical Materials

JF - Optical Materials

IS - A

M1 - 113133

ER -

Flexible photonics in low stiffness doped silica for use in fibre reinforced polymer composite materials

Abstract

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