Gingival and Periodontal Diseases and Conditions in Children and Adolescents:: Consensus Report

Iain Chapple; sotiria gizani; Mariano Sanz; Dominique Declerck; phoebus Madianos; valerie clerehugh; monique danser; esti davidovich; janet  davies; Nikos  Donos; elisabeth  dursun; Elena  Figuero; Filippo Graziani; Mervi  Gürsoy; Søren Jepsen; clara joseph; Moritz Kebschull; norbert Kraemer; Tina  Lambrinaki; rodrigo lopez; david  manton; joerg meyle; ana molina; lior shapira; cheryl somani; georgios tsilingaridis; svante twetman; Nicola X West; Biniyam Wondimu; ferranti wong; David Herrera

doi:10.1111/jcpe.70033

Gingival and Periodontal Diseases and Conditions in Children and Adolescents: Consensus Report

Iain Chapple, sotiria gizani, Mariano Sanz, Dominique Declerck, phoebus Madianos, valerie clerehugh, monique danser, esti davidovich, janet davies, Nikos Donos, elisabeth dursun, Elena Figuero, Filippo Graziani, Mervi Gürsoy, Søren Jepsen, clara joseph , Moritz Kebschull, norbert Kraemer , Tina Lambrinaki, rodrigo lopezdavid manton, joerg meyle, ana molina, lior shapira, cheryl somani, georgios tsilingaridis, svante twetman, Nicola X West, Biniyam Wondimu, ferranti wong, David Herrera^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Bristol Dental School

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

Abstract

Purpose: The objectives of this focused Workshop were to update the epidemiology, aetiology, risk factors, diagnosis and management of gingival and periodontal diseases and conditions in children and adolescents, and to explore the applicability of the 2018 classification in children and adolescents.
Methods: The workshop discussions were informed by three specifically commissioned systematic reviews covering gingival and periodontal diseases and conditions, in systemically healthy children and adolescents, or in children and adolescents with systemic conditions.
Results: Over 70 genetic, congenital and acquired systemic conditions that impact the periodontal tissues were identified, with levels of evidence graded as very low, low, and moderate. Gingival diseases and conditions in systemically healthy children and adolescents were identified, alongside local predisposing and systemic modifying factors. Periodontitis and other periodontal conditions in the 2018 classification system also apply in children and adolescents, however there are challenges with periodontal probing in the primary and mixed dentition.
Conclusions: Periodontal tissues in children and adolescents differ from adults and require special consideration, accounting for their stage of development and predisposing and modifying factors unique to younger patients, which may confound accurate diagnosis, prognostication and management. Specific approaches to screening, examination and treatment are necessary for safe and effective management in this patient group.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1-32
Number of pages	32
Journal	Journal of Clinical Periodontology
Early online date	15 Apr 2026
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.70033
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 15 Apr 2026

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Clinical Periodontology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Keywords

children
adolescents
gingivitis
gingival diseases
periodontitis
periodontal disease

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Chapple, I., gizani, S., Sanz, M., Declerck, D., Madianos, P., clerehugh, V., danser, M., davidovich, E., davies, J., Donos, N., dursun, E., Figuero, E., Graziani, F., Gürsoy, M., Jepsen, S., joseph , C., Kebschull, M., Kraemer , N., Lambrinaki, T., ... Herrera, D. (2026). Gingival and Periodontal Diseases and Conditions in Children and Adolescents: Consensus Report. Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 1-32. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.70033

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title = "Gingival and Periodontal Diseases and Conditions in Children and Adolescents:: Consensus Report",

abstract = "Purpose: The objectives of this focused Workshop were to update the epidemiology, aetiology, risk factors, diagnosis and management of gingival and periodontal diseases and conditions in children and adolescents, and to explore the applicability of the 2018 classification in children and adolescents. Methods: The workshop discussions were informed by three specifically commissioned systematic reviews covering gingival and periodontal diseases and conditions, in systemically healthy children and adolescents, or in children and adolescents with systemic conditions. Results: Over 70 genetic, congenital and acquired systemic conditions that impact the periodontal tissues were identified, with levels of evidence graded as very low, low, and moderate. Gingival diseases and conditions in systemically healthy children and adolescents were identified, alongside local predisposing and systemic modifying factors. Periodontitis and other periodontal conditions in the 2018 classification system also apply in children and adolescents, however there are challenges with periodontal probing in the primary and mixed dentition. Conclusions: Periodontal tissues in children and adolescents differ from adults and require special consideration, accounting for their stage of development and predisposing and modifying factors unique to younger patients, which may confound accurate diagnosis, prognostication and management. Specific approaches to screening, examination and treatment are necessary for safe and effective management in this patient group.",

keywords = "children, adolescents, gingivitis, gingival diseases, periodontitis, periodontal disease",

author = "Iain Chapple and sotiria gizani and Mariano Sanz and Dominique Declerck and phoebus Madianos and valerie clerehugh and monique danser and esti davidovich and janet davies and Nikos Donos and elisabeth dursun and Elena Figuero and Filippo Graziani and Mervi G{\"u}rsoy and S{\o}ren Jepsen and clara joseph and Moritz Kebschull and norbert Kraemer and Tina Lambrinaki and rodrigo lopez and david manton and joerg meyle and ana molina and lior shapira and cheryl somani and georgios tsilingaridis and svante twetman and West, \{Nicola X\} and Biniyam Wondimu and ferranti wong and David Herrera",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2026 The Author(s). Journal of Clinical Periodontology published by John Wiley \& Sons Ltd.",

year = "2026",

month = apr,

day = "15",

doi = "10.1111/jcpe.70033",

language = "English",

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Chapple, I, gizani, S, Sanz, M, Declerck, D, Madianos, P, clerehugh, V, danser, M, davidovich, E, davies, J, Donos, N, dursun, E, Figuero, E, Graziani, F, Gürsoy, M, Jepsen, S, joseph , C, Kebschull, M, Kraemer , N, Lambrinaki, T, lopez, R, manton, D, meyle, J, molina, A, shapira, L, somani, C, tsilingaridis, G, twetman, S, West, NX, Wondimu, B, wong, F & Herrera, D 2026, 'Gingival and Periodontal Diseases and Conditions in Children and Adolescents: Consensus Report', Journal of Clinical Periodontology, pp. 1-32. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.70033

TY - JOUR

T1 - Gingival and Periodontal Diseases and Conditions in Children and Adolescents:

T2 - Consensus Report

AU - Chapple, Iain

AU - gizani, sotiria

AU - Sanz, Mariano

AU - Declerck, Dominique

AU - Madianos, phoebus

AU - clerehugh, valerie

AU - danser, monique

AU - davidovich, esti

AU - davies, janet

AU - Donos, Nikos

AU - dursun, elisabeth

AU - Figuero, Elena

AU - Graziani, Filippo

AU - Gürsoy, Mervi

AU - Jepsen, Søren

AU - joseph , clara

AU - Kebschull, Moritz

AU - Kraemer , norbert

AU - Lambrinaki, Tina

AU - lopez, rodrigo

AU - manton, david

AU - meyle, joerg

AU - molina, ana

AU - shapira, lior

AU - somani, cheryl

AU - tsilingaridis, georgios

AU - twetman, svante

AU - West, Nicola X

AU - Wondimu, Biniyam

AU - wong, ferranti

AU - Herrera, David

PY - 2026/4/15

Y1 - 2026/4/15

N2 - Purpose: The objectives of this focused Workshop were to update the epidemiology, aetiology, risk factors, diagnosis and management of gingival and periodontal diseases and conditions in children and adolescents, and to explore the applicability of the 2018 classification in children and adolescents. Methods: The workshop discussions were informed by three specifically commissioned systematic reviews covering gingival and periodontal diseases and conditions, in systemically healthy children and adolescents, or in children and adolescents with systemic conditions. Results: Over 70 genetic, congenital and acquired systemic conditions that impact the periodontal tissues were identified, with levels of evidence graded as very low, low, and moderate. Gingival diseases and conditions in systemically healthy children and adolescents were identified, alongside local predisposing and systemic modifying factors. Periodontitis and other periodontal conditions in the 2018 classification system also apply in children and adolescents, however there are challenges with periodontal probing in the primary and mixed dentition. Conclusions: Periodontal tissues in children and adolescents differ from adults and require special consideration, accounting for their stage of development and predisposing and modifying factors unique to younger patients, which may confound accurate diagnosis, prognostication and management. Specific approaches to screening, examination and treatment are necessary for safe and effective management in this patient group.

AB - Purpose: The objectives of this focused Workshop were to update the epidemiology, aetiology, risk factors, diagnosis and management of gingival and periodontal diseases and conditions in children and adolescents, and to explore the applicability of the 2018 classification in children and adolescents. Methods: The workshop discussions were informed by three specifically commissioned systematic reviews covering gingival and periodontal diseases and conditions, in systemically healthy children and adolescents, or in children and adolescents with systemic conditions. Results: Over 70 genetic, congenital and acquired systemic conditions that impact the periodontal tissues were identified, with levels of evidence graded as very low, low, and moderate. Gingival diseases and conditions in systemically healthy children and adolescents were identified, alongside local predisposing and systemic modifying factors. Periodontitis and other periodontal conditions in the 2018 classification system also apply in children and adolescents, however there are challenges with periodontal probing in the primary and mixed dentition. Conclusions: Periodontal tissues in children and adolescents differ from adults and require special consideration, accounting for their stage of development and predisposing and modifying factors unique to younger patients, which may confound accurate diagnosis, prognostication and management. Specific approaches to screening, examination and treatment are necessary for safe and effective management in this patient group.

KW - children

KW - adolescents

KW - gingivitis

KW - gingival diseases

KW - periodontitis

KW - periodontal disease

U2 - 10.1111/jcpe.70033

DO - 10.1111/jcpe.70033

M3 - Article (Academic Journal)

C2 - 41983269

SN - 0303-6979

SP - 1

EP - 32

JO - Journal of Clinical Periodontology

JF - Journal of Clinical Periodontology

ER -