Global crack detection using bispectral analysis

Andrew J. Hillis, Simon A. Neild*, Bruce W. Drinkwater, Paul D. Wilcox

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticle (Academic Journal)peer-review

93 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

This paper describes a global non-destructive testing technique for detecting fatigue cracking in engineering components. The technique measures the mixing of two ultrasonic sinusoidal waves which are excited by a small piezoceramic disc bonded to the test structure. This input signal excites very high-order modes of vibration of the test structure within the ultrasonic frequency range. The response of the structure is measured by a second piezoceramic disc and the received waveform is analysed using the bispectrum signal processing technique. Frequency mixing occurs as a result of nonlinearities within the test structure and fatigue cracking is shown to produce a strong mixing effect. The bispectrum is shown to be particularly suitable for this application due to its known insensitivity to noise. Experimental results on steel beams are used to show that fatigue cracks, corresponding to a reduction in the beam section of 8%, can be detected. It is also shown that the bispectrum can be used to quantify the extent of the cracking. A simple nonlinear spring model is used to interpret the results and demonstrate the robustness of the bispectrum for this application.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1515-1530
Number of pages16
JournalProceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences
Volume462
Issue number2069
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 21 Dec 2006

Keywords

  • Bispectral analysis
  • Fatigue crack
  • Nonlinear
  • Structural health monitoring

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