Global quieting of high-frequency seismic noise due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown measures

Thomas Lecocq; Stephen P. Hicks; Koen Van Noten; Kasper Van Wijk; Paula Koelemeijer; Raphael S. M. De Plaen; Frédérick Massin; Gregor Hillers; Robert E. Anthony; Maria-Theresia Apoloner; Mario Arroyo-Solórzano; Jelle D. Assink; Pinar Büyükakpınar; Andrea Cannata; Flavio Cannavo; Sebastian Carrasco; Corentin Caudron; Esteban J. Chaves; David G. Cornwell; David Craig; Olivier F. C. Den Ouden; Jordi Diaz; Stefanie Donner; Christos P. Evangelidis; Läslo Evers; Benoit Fauville; Gonzalo A. Fernandez; Dimitrios Giannopoulos; Steven J. Gibbons; Társilo Girona; Bogdan Grecu; Marc Grunberg; György Hetényi; Anna Horleston; Adolfo Inza; Jessica C. E. Irving; Mohammadreza Jamalreyhani; Alan Kafka; Mathijs R. Koymans; Celeste R. Labedz; Eric Larose; Nathaniel J. Lindsey; Mika McKinnon; Tobias Megies; Meghan S. Miller; William Minarik; Louis Moresi; Víctor H. Márquez-Ramírez; Martin Möllhoff; Ian M. Nesbitt; Shankho Niyogi; Javier Ojeda; Adrien Oth; Simon Proud; Jay Pulli; Lise Retailleau; Annukka E. Rintamäki; Claudio Satriano; Martha K. Savage; Shahar Shani-kadmiel; Reinoud Sleeman; Efthimios Sokos; Klaus Stammler; Alexander E. Stott; Shiba Subedi; Mathilde B. Sørensen; Taka'aki Taira; Mar Tapia; Fatih Turhan; Ben Van Der Pluijm; Mark Vanstone; Jerome Vergne; Tommi A. T. Vuorinen; Tristram Warren; Joachim Wassermann; Han Xiao

doi:10.1126/science.abd2438

Global quieting of high-frequency seismic noise due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown measures

Thomas Lecocq, Stephen P. Hicks, Koen Van Noten, Kasper Van Wijk, Paula Koelemeijer, Raphael S. M. De Plaen, Frédérick Massin, Gregor Hillers, Robert E. Anthony, Maria-Theresia Apoloner, Mario Arroyo-Solórzano, Jelle D. Assink, Pinar Büyükakpınar, Andrea Cannata, Flavio Cannavo, Sebastian Carrasco, Corentin Caudron, Esteban J. Chaves, David G. Cornwell, David CraigOlivier F. C. Den Ouden, Jordi Diaz, Stefanie Donner, Christos P. Evangelidis, Läslo Evers, Benoit Fauville, Gonzalo A. Fernandez, Dimitrios Giannopoulos, Steven J. Gibbons, Társilo Girona, Bogdan Grecu, Marc Grunberg, György Hetényi, Anna Horleston, Adolfo Inza, Jessica C. E. Irving, Mohammadreza Jamalreyhani, Alan Kafka, Mathijs R. Koymans, Celeste R. Labedz, Eric Larose, Nathaniel J. Lindsey, Mika McKinnon, Tobias Megies, Meghan S. Miller, William Minarik, Louis Moresi, Víctor H. Márquez-Ramírez, Martin Möllhoff, Ian M. Nesbitt, Shankho Niyogi, Javier Ojeda, Adrien Oth, Simon Proud, Jay Pulli, Lise Retailleau, Annukka E. Rintamäki, Claudio Satriano, Martha K. Savage, Shahar Shani-kadmiel, Reinoud Sleeman, Efthimios Sokos, Klaus Stammler, Alexander E. Stott, Shiba Subedi, Mathilde B. Sørensen, Taka'aki Taira, Mar Tapia, Fatih Turhan, Ben Van Der Pluijm, Mark Vanstone, Jerome Vergne, Tommi A. T. Vuorinen, Tristram Warren, Joachim Wassermann, Han Xiao

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Abstract

Human activity causes vibrations that propagate into the ground as high-frequency seismic waves. Measures to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread changes in human activity, leading to a months-long reduction in seismic noise of up to 50%. The 2020 seismic noise quiet period is the longest and most prominent global anthropogenic seismic noise reduction on record. While the reduction is strongest at surface seismometers in populated areas, this seismic quiescence extends for many kilometers radially and hundreds of meters in depth. This provides an opportunity to detect subtle signals from subsurface seismic sources that would have been concealed in noisier times and to benchmark sources of anthropogenic noise. A strong correlation between seismic noise and independent measurements of human mobility suggests that seismology provides an absolute, real-time estimate of population dynamics.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1338-1343
Number of pages	11
Journal	Science
Volume	369
Issue number	6509
Early online date	23 Jul 2020
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd2438
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 23 Jul 2020

Structured keywords

Covid19

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10.1126/science.abd2438

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This is the author accepted manuscript (AAM). The final published version (version of record) is available online via American Association for the Advancement of Science at https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2020/07/22/science.abd2438 . Please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher.
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Dr Jessica C E Irving
- jessica.irvingbristol.acuk
- School of Earth Sciences - Associate Professor in Global Seismology
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Lecocq, T., Hicks, S. P., Van Noten, K., Van Wijk, K., Koelemeijer, P., De Plaen, R. S. M., Massin, F., Hillers, G., Anthony, R. E., Apoloner, M.-T., Arroyo-Solórzano, M., Assink, J. D., Büyükakpınar, P., Cannata, A., Cannavo, F., Carrasco, S., Caudron, C., Chaves, E. J., Cornwell, D. G., ... Xiao, H. (2020). Global quieting of high-frequency seismic noise due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown measures. Science, 369(6509), 1338-1343. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd2438

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title = "Global quieting of high-frequency seismic noise due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown measures",

abstract = "Human activity causes vibrations that propagate into the ground as high-frequency seismic waves. Measures to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread changes in human activity, leading to a months-long reduction in seismic noise of up to 50%. The 2020 seismic noise quiet period is the longest and most prominent global anthropogenic seismic noise reduction on record. While the reduction is strongest at surface seismometers in populated areas, this seismic quiescence extends for many kilometers radially and hundreds of meters in depth. This provides an opportunity to detect subtle signals from subsurface seismic sources that would have been concealed in noisier times and to benchmark sources of anthropogenic noise. A strong correlation between seismic noise and independent measurements of human mobility suggests that seismology provides an absolute, real-time estimate of population dynamics.",

author = "Thomas Lecocq and Hicks, {Stephen P.} and {Van Noten}, Koen and {Van Wijk}, Kasper and Paula Koelemeijer and {De Plaen}, {Raphael S. M.} and Fr{\'e}d{\'e}rick Massin and Gregor Hillers and Anthony, {Robert E.} and Maria-Theresia Apoloner and Mario Arroyo-Sol{\'o}rzano and Assink, {Jelle D.} and Pinar B{\"u}y{\"u}kakpınar and Andrea Cannata and Flavio Cannavo and Sebastian Carrasco and Corentin Caudron and Chaves, {Esteban J.} and Cornwell, {David G.} and David Craig and {Den Ouden}, {Olivier F. C.} and Jordi Diaz and Stefanie Donner and Evangelidis, {Christos P.} and L{\"a}slo Evers and Benoit Fauville and Fernandez, {Gonzalo A.} and Dimitrios Giannopoulos and Gibbons, {Steven J.} and T{\'a}rsilo Girona and Bogdan Grecu and Marc Grunberg and Gy{\"o}rgy Het{\'e}nyi and Anna Horleston and Adolfo Inza and Irving, {Jessica C. E.} and Mohammadreza Jamalreyhani and Alan Kafka and Koymans, {Mathijs R.} and Labedz, {Celeste R.} and Eric Larose and Lindsey, {Nathaniel J.} and Mika McKinnon and Tobias Megies and Miller, {Meghan S.} and William Minarik and Louis Moresi and M{\'a}rquez-Ram{\'i}rez, {V{\'i}ctor H.} and Martin M{\"o}llhoff and Nesbitt, {Ian M.} and Shankho Niyogi and Javier Ojeda and Adrien Oth and Simon Proud and Jay Pulli and Lise Retailleau and Rintam{\"a}ki, {Annukka E.} and Claudio Satriano and Savage, {Martha K.} and Shahar Shani-kadmiel and Reinoud Sleeman and Efthimios Sokos and Klaus Stammler and Stott, {Alexander E.} and Shiba Subedi and S{\o}rensen, {Mathilde B.} and Taka'aki Taira and Mar Tapia and Fatih Turhan and {Van Der Pluijm}, Ben and Mark Vanstone and Jerome Vergne and Vuorinen, {Tommi A. T.} and Tristram Warren and Joachim Wassermann and Han Xiao",

year = "2020",

month = jul,

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doi = "10.1126/science.abd2438",

language = "English",

volume = "369",

pages = "1338--1343",

journal = "Science",

issn = "0036-8075",

publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",

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Lecocq, T, Hicks, SP, Van Noten, K, Van Wijk, K, Koelemeijer, P, De Plaen, RSM, Massin, F, Hillers, G, Anthony, RE, Apoloner, M-T, Arroyo-Solórzano, M, Assink, JD, Büyükakpınar, P, Cannata, A, Cannavo, F, Carrasco, S, Caudron, C, Chaves, EJ, Cornwell, DG, Craig, D, Den Ouden, OFC, Diaz, J, Donner, S, Evangelidis, CP, Evers, L, Fauville, B, Fernandez, GA, Giannopoulos, D, Gibbons, SJ, Girona, T, Grecu, B, Grunberg, M, Hetényi, G, Horleston, A, Inza, A, Irving, JCE, Jamalreyhani, M, Kafka, A, Koymans, MR, Labedz, CR, Larose, E, Lindsey, NJ, McKinnon, M, Megies, T, Miller, MS, Minarik, W, Moresi, L, Márquez-Ramírez, VH, Möllhoff, M, Nesbitt, IM, Niyogi, S, Ojeda, J, Oth, A, Proud, S, Pulli, J, Retailleau, L, Rintamäki, AE, Satriano, C, Savage, MK, Shani-kadmiel, S, Sleeman, R, Sokos, E, Stammler, K, Stott, AE, Subedi, S, Sørensen, MB, Taira, T, Tapia, M, Turhan, F, Van Der Pluijm, B, Vanstone, M, Vergne, J, Vuorinen, TAT, Warren, T, Wassermann, J & Xiao, H 2020, 'Global quieting of high-frequency seismic noise due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown measures', Science, vol. 369, no. 6509, pp. 1338-1343. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd2438

TY - JOUR

T1 - Global quieting of high-frequency seismic noise due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown measures

AU - Lecocq, Thomas

AU - Hicks, Stephen P.

AU - Van Noten, Koen

AU - Van Wijk, Kasper

AU - Koelemeijer, Paula

AU - De Plaen, Raphael S. M.

AU - Massin, Frédérick

AU - Hillers, Gregor

AU - Anthony, Robert E.

AU - Apoloner, Maria-Theresia

AU - Arroyo-Solórzano, Mario

AU - Assink, Jelle D.

AU - Büyükakpınar, Pinar

AU - Cannata, Andrea

AU - Cannavo, Flavio

AU - Carrasco, Sebastian

AU - Caudron, Corentin

AU - Chaves, Esteban J.

AU - Cornwell, David G.

AU - Craig, David

AU - Den Ouden, Olivier F. C.

AU - Diaz, Jordi

AU - Donner, Stefanie

AU - Evangelidis, Christos P.

AU - Evers, Läslo

AU - Fauville, Benoit

AU - Fernandez, Gonzalo A.

AU - Giannopoulos, Dimitrios

AU - Gibbons, Steven J.

AU - Girona, Társilo

AU - Grecu, Bogdan

AU - Grunberg, Marc

AU - Hetényi, György

AU - Horleston, Anna

AU - Inza, Adolfo

AU - Irving, Jessica C. E.

AU - Jamalreyhani, Mohammadreza

AU - Kafka, Alan

AU - Koymans, Mathijs R.

AU - Labedz, Celeste R.

AU - Larose, Eric

AU - Lindsey, Nathaniel J.

AU - McKinnon, Mika

AU - Megies, Tobias

AU - Miller, Meghan S.

AU - Minarik, William

AU - Moresi, Louis

AU - Márquez-Ramírez, Víctor H.

AU - Möllhoff, Martin

AU - Nesbitt, Ian M.

AU - Niyogi, Shankho

AU - Ojeda, Javier

AU - Oth, Adrien

AU - Proud, Simon

AU - Pulli, Jay

AU - Retailleau, Lise

AU - Rintamäki, Annukka E.

AU - Satriano, Claudio

AU - Savage, Martha K.

AU - Shani-kadmiel, Shahar

AU - Sleeman, Reinoud

AU - Sokos, Efthimios

AU - Stammler, Klaus

AU - Stott, Alexander E.

AU - Subedi, Shiba

AU - Sørensen, Mathilde B.

AU - Taira, Taka'aki

AU - Tapia, Mar

AU - Turhan, Fatih

AU - Van Der Pluijm, Ben

AU - Vanstone, Mark

AU - Vergne, Jerome

AU - Vuorinen, Tommi A. T.

AU - Warren, Tristram

AU - Wassermann, Joachim

AU - Xiao, Han

PY - 2020/7/23

Y1 - 2020/7/23

N2 - Human activity causes vibrations that propagate into the ground as high-frequency seismic waves. Measures to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread changes in human activity, leading to a months-long reduction in seismic noise of up to 50%. The 2020 seismic noise quiet period is the longest and most prominent global anthropogenic seismic noise reduction on record. While the reduction is strongest at surface seismometers in populated areas, this seismic quiescence extends for many kilometers radially and hundreds of meters in depth. This provides an opportunity to detect subtle signals from subsurface seismic sources that would have been concealed in noisier times and to benchmark sources of anthropogenic noise. A strong correlation between seismic noise and independent measurements of human mobility suggests that seismology provides an absolute, real-time estimate of population dynamics.

AB - Human activity causes vibrations that propagate into the ground as high-frequency seismic waves. Measures to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread changes in human activity, leading to a months-long reduction in seismic noise of up to 50%. The 2020 seismic noise quiet period is the longest and most prominent global anthropogenic seismic noise reduction on record. While the reduction is strongest at surface seismometers in populated areas, this seismic quiescence extends for many kilometers radially and hundreds of meters in depth. This provides an opportunity to detect subtle signals from subsurface seismic sources that would have been concealed in noisier times and to benchmark sources of anthropogenic noise. A strong correlation between seismic noise and independent measurements of human mobility suggests that seismology provides an absolute, real-time estimate of population dynamics.

U2 - 10.1126/science.abd2438

DO - 10.1126/science.abd2438

M3 - Article (Academic Journal)

C2 - 32703907

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 369

SP - 1338

EP - 1343

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 6509

ER -

Global quieting of high-frequency seismic noise due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown measures

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