How were resistance training practices changed and adapted during the first lockdown of the coronavirus pandemic?

Research questions: The research questions for this study were (1) how were resistance training (RT) practices changed and adapted during the first lockdown of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, (2) how did the (re)configuration of constitute elements, including meanings, materials, and competencies, enable or constrain RT practices, and (3) how were RT practices enabled by (i.e., in harmony with) or constrained by (i.e., in conflict with) other interrelated practices?

Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in the United Kingdom. An interdisciplinary approach was employed, involving sport and exercise science, public health, and sociology. Participants were recruited via gatekeepers working in the fitness industry. They were gym-goers aged 18 to 64 that took part in RT practices for approximately two or more days each week before the pandemic. Data was generated using interviews which were conducted online via telephone and Zoom. A semi-structured interview schedule informed by social practice theories was employed to guide interviews. Data was thematically analysed using a practice ontology.

Findings: Twelve participants across Scotland and England were recruited via five gatekeepers. There was reduced enjoyment, social support, and achievement whilst taking part in RT practices during the pandemic. Physical health, including muscular strength, was to be merely maintained, where mental health was to be improved. All RT practices took place at home, which reduced enjoyment and social support. Online and digital platforms guided RT practices, elevating social support and competency levels. A lack of equipment tempered enjoyment but inspired innovation, with lower weights and higher repetitions. Guidance from coaches continued, but mostly for those involved in sports. Studying and working practices were interrelated with RT practices.

Conclusion: This study found that RT practices changed and were adapted during the first lockdown of the COVID-19 pandemic. Future policy and practice interventions should target social practices.