TY - JOUR
T1 - Insights From Deep Sequencing of the HBV Genome-Unique, Tiny, and Misunderstood
AU - McNaughton, Anna L
AU - D'Arienzo, Valentina
AU - Ansari, M Azim
AU - Lumley, Sheila F
AU - Littlejohn, Margaret
AU - Revill, Peter
AU - McKeating, Jane A
AU - Matthews, Philippa C
N1 - Copyright © 2019 AGA Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/1
Y1 - 2019/1
N2 - Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a unique, tiny, partially double-stranded, reverse-transcribing DNA virus with proteins encoded by multiple overlapping reading frames. The substitution rate is surprisingly high for a DNA virus, but lower than that of other reverse transcribing organisms. More than 260 million people worldwide have chronic HBV infection, which causes 0.8 million deaths a year. Because of the high burden of disease, international health agencies have set the goal of eliminating HBV infection by 2030. Nonetheless, the intriguing HBV genome has not been well characterized. We summarize data on the HBV genome structure and replication cycle, explain and quantify diversity within and among infected individuals, and discuss advances that can be offered by application of next-generation sequencing technology. In-depth HBV genome analyses could increase our understanding of disease pathogenesis and allow us to better predict patient outcomes, optimize treatment, and develop new therapeutics.
AB - Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a unique, tiny, partially double-stranded, reverse-transcribing DNA virus with proteins encoded by multiple overlapping reading frames. The substitution rate is surprisingly high for a DNA virus, but lower than that of other reverse transcribing organisms. More than 260 million people worldwide have chronic HBV infection, which causes 0.8 million deaths a year. Because of the high burden of disease, international health agencies have set the goal of eliminating HBV infection by 2030. Nonetheless, the intriguing HBV genome has not been well characterized. We summarize data on the HBV genome structure and replication cycle, explain and quantify diversity within and among infected individuals, and discuss advances that can be offered by application of next-generation sequencing technology. In-depth HBV genome analyses could increase our understanding of disease pathogenesis and allow us to better predict patient outcomes, optimize treatment, and develop new therapeutics.
KW - Genome, Viral
KW - Hepatitis B/diagnosis
KW - Hepatitis B virus/physiology
KW - High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
KW - Humans
KW - Virus Replication
U2 - 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.07.058
DO - 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.07.058
M3 - Review article (Academic Journal)
C2 - 30268787
SN - 0016-5085
VL - 156
SP - 384
EP - 399
JO - Gastroenterology
JF - Gastroenterology
IS - 2
ER -
