'Kink' in AlGaN/GaN-HEMTs: Floating buffer model

We report on a floating buffer model to explain 'kink,' a hysteresis in the output characteristics of Fe-doped AlGaN/GaN HEMTs observed at low drain bias. Unintentionally doped background carbon can make the GaN buffer p-type allowing it to electrically float. We further note that reverse bias trap-assisted leakage across the junction between the 2DEG and the p-type buffer can provide a mechanism for hole injection and buffer discharging at just a few volts above the knee, explaining the 'kink' bias dependence and hysteresis. We show that HEMTs with a different background carbon have dramatically different kink behaviors consistent with the model. Positive and negative magnitude drain current transient signals with 0.9-eV activation energy are seen, corresponding to changes in the occupation of carbon acceptors located in different regions of the GaN buffer. The observation of such signals from a single trap calls into question conventional interpretations of these transients based on the bulk 1-D deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) models for GaN devices with floating regions.