“Late-onset” ADHD symptoms in young adulthood: Is this ADHD?

Lucy Riglin; Robyn E Wootton; Lucy Livingston; Jessica  Agnew-Blais; Louise Arseneault; Rachel Blakey; Sharifa Shameem Syed Salim Agha; Kate Langley; Stephan Collishaw; Michael C O'Donovan; George Davey Smith; Evangelia  Stergiakouli; Kate M Tilling; Anita Thapar

doi:10.1177/10870547211066486

“Late-onset” ADHD symptoms in young adulthood: Is this ADHD?

Lucy Riglin, Robyn E Wootton, Lucy Livingston , Jessica Agnew-Blais , Louise Arseneault, Rachel Blakey, Sharifa Shameem Syed Salim Agha, Kate Langley, Stephan Collishaw, Michael C O'Donovan, George Davey Smith, Evangelia Stergiakouli , Kate M Tilling, Anita Thapar^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

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Abstract

Objective: We investigated whether “late-onset” ADHD that emerges in adolescence/adulthood is similar in risk factor profile to: 1) child-onset ADHD, but emerges later because of scaffolding/compensation from childhood resources; and 2) depression, because it typically onsets in adolescence/adulthood and shows symptom and genetic overlaps with ADHD.

Methods: We examined associations between late-onset ADHD and ADHD risk factors, cognitive tasks, childhood resources and depression risk factors in a population-based cohort follow-up to age 25 years (N=4224-9764).

Results: Parent-rated late-onset ADHD was like child-onset persistent ADHD in associations with ADHD polygenic risk scores and cognitive task performance, although self-rated late-onset ADHD was not. Late-onset ADHD was associated with higher levels of childhood resources than child-onset ADHD and did not show strong evidence of association with depression risk factors. Conclusions: Late-onset ADHD shares characteristics with child-onset ADHD when parent-rated, but differences for self-reports require investigation. Childhood resources may delay the onset of ADHD.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1271-1282
Number of pages	12
Journal	Journal of Attention Disorders
Volume	26
Issue number	10
Early online date	16 Jan 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1177/10870547211066486
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 16 Jan 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The UK Medical Research Council and Wellcome (Grant ref: 217065/Z/19/Z) and the University of Bristol provide core support for ALSPAC. The primary outcome measures used in the paper were specifically funded by the Wellcome Trust (204895/Z/16/Z) for age 25 data. REW, RB, GDS, ES, and KT work in a unit that receives funding from the University of Bristol and the UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00011/1 and MC_UU_00011/3). This research was funded by the Wellcome Trust (204895/Z/16/Z).

Funding Information:
We are extremely grateful to all the families who took part in this study, the midwives for their help in recruiting them, and the whole ALSPAC team, which includes interviewers, computer and laboratory technicians, clerical workers, research scientists, volunteers, managers, receptionists, and nurses. GWAS data was generated by Sample Logistics and Genotyping Facilities at Wellcome Sanger Institute and LabCorp (Laboratory Corporation of America) using support from 23andMe. This publication is the work of the authors and Lucy Riglin and Anita Thapar will serve as guarantors for the contents of this paper. A comprehensive list of grants funding is available on the ALSPAC website (www.bristol.ac.uk/alspac/external/documents/grant-acknowledgements.pdf). We would like to thank the research participants and employees of 23andMe for making this work possible. The full GWAS summary statistics for the 23andMe discovery data set will be made available through 23andMe to qualified researchers under an agreement with 23andMe that protects the privacy of the 23andMe participants. Please visit https://research.23andme.com/collaborate/#dataset-access/ for more information and to apply to access the data. We also thank the members of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium for the publicly available data. We thank Alexander Richards and Richard Anney for preparing the quality-controlled genome-wide association study summary statistics. For the purpose of Open Access, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission. The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The UK Medical Research Council and Wellcome (Grant ref: 217065/Z/19/Z) and the University of Bristol provide core support for ALSPAC. The primary outcome measures used in the paper were specifically funded by the Wellcome Trust (204895/Z/16/Z) for age 25 data. REW, RB, GDS, ES, and KT work in a unit that receives funding from the University of Bristol and the UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00011/1 and MC_UU_00011/3). This research was funded by the Wellcome Trust (204895/Z/16/Z).

Publisher Copyright:
© ©The Author(s) 2022.

Keywords

ALSPAC
ADHD
late-onset
longitudinal
genetic
scaffolding
compensation

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Riglin, L., Wootton, R. E., Livingston , L., Agnew-Blais , J., Arseneault, L., Blakey, R., Syed Salim Agha, S. S., Langley, K., Collishaw, S., O'Donovan, M. C., Davey Smith, G., Stergiakouli , E., Tilling, K. M., & Thapar, A. (2022). “Late-onset” ADHD symptoms in young adulthood: Is this ADHD? Journal of Attention Disorders, 26(10), 1271-1282. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/10870547211066486

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title = "“Late-onset” ADHD symptoms in young adulthood: Is this ADHD?",

abstract = "Objective: We investigated whether “late-onset” ADHD that emerges in adolescence/adulthood is similar in risk factor profile to: 1) child-onset ADHD, but emerges later because of scaffolding/compensation from childhood resources; and 2) depression, because it typically onsets in adolescence/adulthood and shows symptom and genetic overlaps with ADHD. Methods: We examined associations between late-onset ADHD and ADHD risk factors, cognitive tasks, childhood resources and depression risk factors in a population-based cohort follow-up to age 25 years (N=4224-9764). Results: Parent-rated late-onset ADHD was like child-onset persistent ADHD in associations with ADHD polygenic risk scores and cognitive task performance, although self-rated late-onset ADHD was not. Late-onset ADHD was associated with higher levels of childhood resources than child-onset ADHD and did not show strong evidence of association with depression risk factors. Conclusions: Late-onset ADHD shares characteristics with child-onset ADHD when parent-rated, but differences for self-reports require investigation. Childhood resources may delay the onset of ADHD.",

keywords = "ALSPAC, ADHD, late-onset, longitudinal, genetic, scaffolding, compensation",

author = "Lucy Riglin and Wootton, {Robyn E} and Lucy Livingston and Jessica Agnew-Blais and Louise Arseneault and Rachel Blakey and {Syed Salim Agha}, {Sharifa Shameem} and Kate Langley and Stephan Collishaw and O'Donovan, {Michael C} and {Davey Smith}, George and Evangelia Stergiakouli and Tilling, {Kate M} and Anita Thapar",

note = "Funding Information: The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The UK Medical Research Council and Wellcome (Grant ref: 217065/Z/19/Z) and the University of Bristol provide core support for ALSPAC. The primary outcome measures used in the paper were specifically funded by the Wellcome Trust (204895/Z/16/Z) for age 25 data. REW, RB, GDS, ES, and KT work in a unit that receives funding from the University of Bristol and the UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00011/1 and MC_UU_00011/3). This research was funded by the Wellcome Trust (204895/Z/16/Z). Funding Information: We are extremely grateful to all the families who took part in this study, the midwives for their help in recruiting them, and the whole ALSPAC team, which includes interviewers, computer and laboratory technicians, clerical workers, research scientists, volunteers, managers, receptionists, and nurses. GWAS data was generated by Sample Logistics and Genotyping Facilities at Wellcome Sanger Institute and LabCorp (Laboratory Corporation of America) using support from 23andMe. This publication is the work of the authors and Lucy Riglin and Anita Thapar will serve as guarantors for the contents of this paper. A comprehensive list of grants funding is available on the ALSPAC website (www.bristol.ac.uk/alspac/external/documents/grant-acknowledgements.pdf). We would like to thank the research participants and employees of 23andMe for making this work possible. The full GWAS summary statistics for the 23andMe discovery data set will be made available through 23andMe to qualified researchers under an agreement with 23andMe that protects the privacy of the 23andMe participants. Please visit https://research.23andme.com/collaborate/#dataset-access/ for more information and to apply to access the data. We also thank the members of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium for the publicly available data. We thank Alexander Richards and Richard Anney for preparing the quality-controlled genome-wide association study summary statistics. For the purpose of Open Access, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission. The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The UK Medical Research Council and Wellcome (Grant ref: 217065/Z/19/Z) and the University of Bristol provide core support for ALSPAC. The primary outcome measures used in the paper were specifically funded by the Wellcome Trust (204895/Z/16/Z) for age 25 data. REW, RB, GDS, ES, and KT work in a unit that receives funding from the University of Bristol and the UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00011/1 and MC_UU_00011/3). This research was funded by the Wellcome Trust (204895/Z/16/Z). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} {\textcopyright}The Author(s) 2022.",

year = "2022",

month = jan,

day = "16",

doi = "10.1177/10870547211066486",

language = "English",

volume = "26",

pages = "1271--1282",

journal = "Journal of Attention Disorders",

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Riglin, L, Wootton, RE, Livingston , L, Agnew-Blais , J, Arseneault, L, Blakey, R, Syed Salim Agha, SS, Langley, K, Collishaw, S, O'Donovan, MC, Davey Smith, G , Stergiakouli , E , Tilling, KM & Thapar, A 2022, '“Late-onset” ADHD symptoms in young adulthood: Is this ADHD?', Journal of Attention Disorders, vol. 26, no. 10, pp. 1271-1282. https://doi.org/10.1177/10870547211066486

TY - JOUR

T1 - “Late-onset” ADHD symptoms in young adulthood

T2 - Is this ADHD?

AU - Riglin, Lucy

AU - Wootton, Robyn E

AU - Livingston , Lucy

AU - Agnew-Blais , Jessica

AU - Arseneault, Louise

AU - Blakey, Rachel

AU - Syed Salim Agha, Sharifa Shameem

AU - Langley, Kate

AU - Collishaw, Stephan

AU - O'Donovan, Michael C

AU - Davey Smith, George

AU - Stergiakouli , Evangelia

AU - Tilling, Kate M

AU - Thapar, Anita

N1 - Funding Information: The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The UK Medical Research Council and Wellcome (Grant ref: 217065/Z/19/Z) and the University of Bristol provide core support for ALSPAC. The primary outcome measures used in the paper were specifically funded by the Wellcome Trust (204895/Z/16/Z) for age 25 data. REW, RB, GDS, ES, and KT work in a unit that receives funding from the University of Bristol and the UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00011/1 and MC_UU_00011/3). This research was funded by the Wellcome Trust (204895/Z/16/Z). Funding Information: We are extremely grateful to all the families who took part in this study, the midwives for their help in recruiting them, and the whole ALSPAC team, which includes interviewers, computer and laboratory technicians, clerical workers, research scientists, volunteers, managers, receptionists, and nurses. GWAS data was generated by Sample Logistics and Genotyping Facilities at Wellcome Sanger Institute and LabCorp (Laboratory Corporation of America) using support from 23andMe. This publication is the work of the authors and Lucy Riglin and Anita Thapar will serve as guarantors for the contents of this paper. A comprehensive list of grants funding is available on the ALSPAC website (www.bristol.ac.uk/alspac/external/documents/grant-acknowledgements.pdf). We would like to thank the research participants and employees of 23andMe for making this work possible. The full GWAS summary statistics for the 23andMe discovery data set will be made available through 23andMe to qualified researchers under an agreement with 23andMe that protects the privacy of the 23andMe participants. Please visit https://research.23andme.com/collaborate/#dataset-access/ for more information and to apply to access the data. We also thank the members of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium for the publicly available data. We thank Alexander Richards and Richard Anney for preparing the quality-controlled genome-wide association study summary statistics. For the purpose of Open Access, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission. The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The UK Medical Research Council and Wellcome (Grant ref: 217065/Z/19/Z) and the University of Bristol provide core support for ALSPAC. The primary outcome measures used in the paper were specifically funded by the Wellcome Trust (204895/Z/16/Z) for age 25 data. REW, RB, GDS, ES, and KT work in a unit that receives funding from the University of Bristol and the UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00011/1 and MC_UU_00011/3). This research was funded by the Wellcome Trust (204895/Z/16/Z). Publisher Copyright: © ©The Author(s) 2022.

PY - 2022/1/16

Y1 - 2022/1/16

N2 - Objective: We investigated whether “late-onset” ADHD that emerges in adolescence/adulthood is similar in risk factor profile to: 1) child-onset ADHD, but emerges later because of scaffolding/compensation from childhood resources; and 2) depression, because it typically onsets in adolescence/adulthood and shows symptom and genetic overlaps with ADHD. Methods: We examined associations between late-onset ADHD and ADHD risk factors, cognitive tasks, childhood resources and depression risk factors in a population-based cohort follow-up to age 25 years (N=4224-9764). Results: Parent-rated late-onset ADHD was like child-onset persistent ADHD in associations with ADHD polygenic risk scores and cognitive task performance, although self-rated late-onset ADHD was not. Late-onset ADHD was associated with higher levels of childhood resources than child-onset ADHD and did not show strong evidence of association with depression risk factors. Conclusions: Late-onset ADHD shares characteristics with child-onset ADHD when parent-rated, but differences for self-reports require investigation. Childhood resources may delay the onset of ADHD.

AB - Objective: We investigated whether “late-onset” ADHD that emerges in adolescence/adulthood is similar in risk factor profile to: 1) child-onset ADHD, but emerges later because of scaffolding/compensation from childhood resources; and 2) depression, because it typically onsets in adolescence/adulthood and shows symptom and genetic overlaps with ADHD. Methods: We examined associations between late-onset ADHD and ADHD risk factors, cognitive tasks, childhood resources and depression risk factors in a population-based cohort follow-up to age 25 years (N=4224-9764). Results: Parent-rated late-onset ADHD was like child-onset persistent ADHD in associations with ADHD polygenic risk scores and cognitive task performance, although self-rated late-onset ADHD was not. Late-onset ADHD was associated with higher levels of childhood resources than child-onset ADHD and did not show strong evidence of association with depression risk factors. Conclusions: Late-onset ADHD shares characteristics with child-onset ADHD when parent-rated, but differences for self-reports require investigation. Childhood resources may delay the onset of ADHD.

KW - ALSPAC

KW - ADHD

KW - late-onset

KW - longitudinal

KW - genetic

KW - scaffolding

KW - compensation

U2 - 10.1177/10870547211066486

DO - 10.1177/10870547211066486

M3 - Article (Academic Journal)

C2 - 35034501

SN - 1557-1246

VL - 26

SP - 1271

EP - 1282

JO - Journal of Attention Disorders

JF - Journal of Attention Disorders

IS - 10

ER -

“Late-onset” ADHD symptoms in young adulthood: Is this ADHD?

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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Rework of IEU 2 Tilling Programme

Cite this