Long COVID burden and risk factors in 10 UK longitudinal studies and electronic health records

Ellen J Thompson; Dylan M Williams; Alex J Walker; Ruth E Mitchell; Claire L Niedzwiedz; Tiffany C Yang; Charlotte F Huggins; Alex S F Kwong; Richard J Silverwood; Giorgio Di Gessa; Ruth C E Bowyer; Kate Northstone; Bo Hou; Michael J Green; Brian Dodgeon; Katie J Doores; Emma L Duncan; Frances M K Williams; OpenSAFELY Collaborative; Andrew Steptoe; David J Porteous; Rosemary R C McEachan; Laurie Tomlinson; Ben Goldacre; Praveetha Patalay; George B Ploubidis; Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi; Kate Tilling; Christopher T Rentsch; Nicholas J Timpson; Nishi Chaturvedi

doi:10.1038/s41467-022-30836-0

Long COVID burden and risk factors in 10 UK longitudinal studies and electronic health records

Ellen J Thompson^*, Dylan M Williams^*, Alex J Walker, Ruth E Mitchell, Claire L Niedzwiedz, Tiffany C Yang, Charlotte F Huggins, Alex S F Kwong, Richard J Silverwood, Giorgio Di Gessa, Ruth C E Bowyer, Kate Northstone, Bo Hou, Michael J Green, Brian Dodgeon, Katie J Doores, Emma L Duncan, Frances M K Williams, OpenSAFELY Collaborative, Andrew SteptoeDavid J Porteous, Rosemary R C McEachan, Laurie Tomlinson, Ben Goldacre, Praveetha Patalay, George B Ploubidis, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, Kate Tilling, Christopher T Rentsch, Nicholas J Timpson, Nishi Chaturvedi^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

409 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The frequency of, and risk factors for, long COVID are unclear among community-based individuals with a history of COVID-19. To elucidate the burden and possible causes of long COVID in the community, we coordinated analyses of survey data from 6907 individuals with self-reported COVID-19 from 10 UK longitudinal study (LS) samples and 1.1 million individuals with COVID-19 diagnostic codes in electronic healthcare records (EHR) collected by spring 2021. Proportions of presumed COVID-19 cases in LS reporting any symptoms for 12+ weeks ranged from 7.8% and 17% (with 1.2 to 4.8% reporting debilitating symptoms). Increasing age, female sex, white ethnicity, poor pre-pandemic general and mental health, overweight/obesity, and asthma were associated with prolonged symptoms in both LS and EHR data, but findings for other factors, such as cardio-metabolic parameters, were inconclusive.

Original language	English
Article number	3528
Number of pages	11
Journal	Nature Communications
Volume	13
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30836-0
Publication status	Published - 28 Jun 2022

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022. The Author(s).

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

COVID-19/complications
Electronic Health Records
Female
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Risk Factors
Surveys and Questionnaires
United Kingdom/epidemiology
Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome

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Thompson, E. J., Williams, D. M., Walker, A. J., Mitchell, R. E., Niedzwiedz, C. L., Yang, T. C., Huggins, C. F., Kwong, A. S. F., Silverwood, R. J., Di Gessa, G., Bowyer, R. C. E., Northstone, K., Hou, B., Green, M. J., Dodgeon, B., Doores, K. J., Duncan, E. L., Williams, F. M. K., OpenSAFELY Collaborative, ... Chaturvedi, N. (2022). Long COVID burden and risk factors in 10 UK longitudinal studies and electronic health records. Nature Communications, 13(1), Article 3528. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30836-0

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abstract = "The frequency of, and risk factors for, long COVID are unclear among community-based individuals with a history of COVID-19. To elucidate the burden and possible causes of long COVID in the community, we coordinated analyses of survey data from 6907 individuals with self-reported COVID-19 from 10 UK longitudinal study (LS) samples and 1.1 million individuals with COVID-19 diagnostic codes in electronic healthcare records (EHR) collected by spring 2021. Proportions of presumed COVID-19 cases in LS reporting any symptoms for 12+ weeks ranged from 7.8\% and 17\% (with 1.2 to 4.8\% reporting debilitating symptoms). Increasing age, female sex, white ethnicity, poor pre-pandemic general and mental health, overweight/obesity, and asthma were associated with prolonged symptoms in both LS and EHR data, but findings for other factors, such as cardio-metabolic parameters, were inconclusive.",

keywords = "COVID-19/complications, Electronic Health Records, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Risk Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, United Kingdom/epidemiology, Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome",

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note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022. The Author(s).",

year = "2022",

month = jun,

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doi = "10.1038/s41467-022-30836-0",

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Thompson, EJ, Williams, DM, Walker, AJ, Mitchell, RE, Niedzwiedz, CL, Yang, TC, Huggins, CF, Kwong, ASF, Silverwood, RJ, Di Gessa, G, Bowyer, RCE, Northstone, K, Hou, B, Green, MJ, Dodgeon, B, Doores, KJ, Duncan, EL, Williams, FMK, OpenSAFELY Collaborative, Steptoe, A, Porteous, DJ, McEachan, RRC, Tomlinson, L, Goldacre, B, Patalay, P, Ploubidis, GB, Katikireddi, SV, Tilling, K, Rentsch, CT, Timpson, NJ & Chaturvedi, N 2022, 'Long COVID burden and risk factors in 10 UK longitudinal studies and electronic health records', Nature Communications, vol. 13, no. 1, 3528. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30836-0

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AU - Thompson, Ellen J

AU - Williams, Dylan M

AU - Walker, Alex J

AU - Mitchell, Ruth E

AU - Niedzwiedz, Claire L

AU - Yang, Tiffany C

AU - Huggins, Charlotte F

AU - Kwong, Alex S F

AU - Silverwood, Richard J

AU - Di Gessa, Giorgio

AU - Bowyer, Ruth C E

AU - Northstone, Kate

AU - Hou, Bo

AU - Green, Michael J

AU - Dodgeon, Brian

AU - Doores, Katie J

AU - Duncan, Emma L

AU - Williams, Frances M K

AU - OpenSAFELY Collaborative

AU - Steptoe, Andrew

AU - Porteous, David J

AU - McEachan, Rosemary R C

AU - Tomlinson, Laurie

AU - Goldacre, Ben

AU - Patalay, Praveetha

AU - Ploubidis, George B

AU - Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal

AU - Tilling, Kate

AU - Rentsch, Christopher T

AU - Timpson, Nicholas J

AU - Chaturvedi, Nishi

PY - 2022/6/28

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N2 - The frequency of, and risk factors for, long COVID are unclear among community-based individuals with a history of COVID-19. To elucidate the burden and possible causes of long COVID in the community, we coordinated analyses of survey data from 6907 individuals with self-reported COVID-19 from 10 UK longitudinal study (LS) samples and 1.1 million individuals with COVID-19 diagnostic codes in electronic healthcare records (EHR) collected by spring 2021. Proportions of presumed COVID-19 cases in LS reporting any symptoms for 12+ weeks ranged from 7.8% and 17% (with 1.2 to 4.8% reporting debilitating symptoms). Increasing age, female sex, white ethnicity, poor pre-pandemic general and mental health, overweight/obesity, and asthma were associated with prolonged symptoms in both LS and EHR data, but findings for other factors, such as cardio-metabolic parameters, were inconclusive.

AB - The frequency of, and risk factors for, long COVID are unclear among community-based individuals with a history of COVID-19. To elucidate the burden and possible causes of long COVID in the community, we coordinated analyses of survey data from 6907 individuals with self-reported COVID-19 from 10 UK longitudinal study (LS) samples and 1.1 million individuals with COVID-19 diagnostic codes in electronic healthcare records (EHR) collected by spring 2021. Proportions of presumed COVID-19 cases in LS reporting any symptoms for 12+ weeks ranged from 7.8% and 17% (with 1.2 to 4.8% reporting debilitating symptoms). Increasing age, female sex, white ethnicity, poor pre-pandemic general and mental health, overweight/obesity, and asthma were associated with prolonged symptoms in both LS and EHR data, but findings for other factors, such as cardio-metabolic parameters, were inconclusive.

KW - COVID-19/complications

KW - Electronic Health Records

KW - Female

KW - Humans

KW - Longitudinal Studies

KW - Risk Factors

KW - Surveys and Questionnaires

KW - United Kingdom/epidemiology

KW - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome

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DO - 10.1038/s41467-022-30836-0

M3 - Article (Academic Journal)

C2 - 35764621

SN - 2041-1723

VL - 13

JO - Nature Communications

JF - Nature Communications

IS - 1

M1 - 3528

ER -

Long COVID burden and risk factors in 10 UK longitudinal studies and electronic health records

Abstract

Bibliographical note

UN SDGs

Keywords

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