Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been found to predict many negative life outcomes. However, very little evidence exists on Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and Child Maltreatment (CM). We investigated the impact of maternal ACEs on IPV and CM in three different: cumulative risk, individual adversities and particular groupings of ACEs. The 2015 Pelotas Birth Cohort, Southern Brazil, has followed a population-based sample mothers and children repeatedly until children were aged 4 years, when mothers provided data on ACEs, and current IPV and CM. ACEs were examined in three different ways: (i) as a cumulative risk score; (ii) individual adversities; and (iii) patterns of ACEs (Latent Class Analysis: LCA). One quarter (25.4%) of mothers reported having 5+ ACEs in childhood. Compared to mothers with no ACEs, those who reported 5+ ACEs, had 4.9 (95%CI 3.5; 6.7) times the risk of experiencing IPV and 3.8 (95%CI 2.5; 5.6) times the risk of reporting child maltreatment. LCA results also highlighted the major influence of multiple ACEs on later IPV and CM. However, individual ACEs related to violence (exposure to abuse or domestic violence) showed some specificity for both later IPV and CM, over and above the influence of cumulative childhood adversity. This is the first large study to demonstrate a strong link between maternal ACEs and both IPV and CM. Cumulative ACE exposure and some specificity in effects of childhood violence are important for later IPV and CM. Integrated prevention is essential for reducing the intergenerational transmission of adversity and violence.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 106928 |
| Journal | Preventive Medicine |
| Volume | 155 |
| Early online date | 23 Dec 2021 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Feb 2022 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This article is based on data from the study “Pelotas Birth Cohort, 2015” conducted by Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology at Universidade Federal de Pelotas, with the collaboration of the Brazilian Public Health Association (ABRASCO). The first phases of the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort were funded by the Wellcome Trust (095582). Funding for specific follow-up visits was also received from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Fundação de Amparo da Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) and Children's Pastorate sponsored follow-up at twenty-four months; and FAPERGS – PPSUS, the Wellcome Trust (210735_Z_18_Z), and the Bernard van Leer Foundation (BRA-2018-178) for the fort-eight months follow-up. RB is supported by Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia (DECIT). GH is supported by a Sir Henry Wellcome Postdoctoral Fellowship (grant number: 209138/Z/ 17/Z).
Funding Information:
We are grateful to all the families who took part in the 2015 Pelotas birth cohort, and the Pelotas teams, including research scientists, interviewers, workers and volunteers. GH is a member of the MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol (MC_UU_00011/7). This research was funded in whole, or in part, by the Wellcome Trust [210735_Z_18_Z; 209138/Z/ 17/Z]. For the purpose of Open Access, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission.
Funding Information:
We are grateful to all the families who took part in the 2015 Pelotas birth cohort, and the Pelotas teams, including research scientists, interviewers, workers and volunteers. GH is a member of the MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol ( MC_UU_00011/7 ). This research was funded in whole, or in part, by the Wellcome Trust [ 210735_Z_18_Z; 209138/Z/ 17/Z ]. For the purpose of Open Access, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
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