Off-Pump Versus On-Pump Bypass Surgery for Left Main Coronary Artery Disease

Umberto Benedetto*, John Puskas, Arie Pieter Kappetein, W. Morris Brown, Ferenc Horkay, Piet W. Boonstra, G. Bogáts, Nicolas Noiseux, Ovidiu Dressler, Gianni D. Angelini, Gregg W. Stone, Patrick W. Serruys, Joseph F. Sabik, David P. Taggart

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticle (Academic Journal)peer-review

32 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Concerns remain for a greater risk of incomplete revascularization and reduced survival with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery compared with on-pump surgery particularly in patients with left main disease and extensive underlying myocardial ischemia. Objectives: This study sought to compare outcomes following off-pump versus on-pump surgery for left main disease by performing a post hoc analysis from the multicenter, randomized EXCEL (Evaluation of XIENCE versus Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Effectiveness of Left Main Revascularization) trial. Methods: The EXCEL trial was designed to compare percutaneous coronary intervention with everolimus-eluting stents versus CABG in patients with left main disease. CABG was performed with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (on-pump vs. off-pump surgery) according to the discretion of the operator. The 3-year outcomes in the off-pump and on-pump groups were compared using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) for treatment effect estimation. Results: Among 923 CABG patients, 652 and 271 patients underwent on-pump and off-pump surgery, respectively. Despite a similar extent of disease, off-pump surgery was associated with a lower rate of revascularization of the left circumflex coronary artery (84.1% vs. 90.0%; p = 0.01) and right coronary artery (31.1% vs. 40.6%; p = 0.007). After IPTW adjustment for baseline differences, off-pump surgery was associated with a significantly increased risk of 3-year all-cause death (8.8% vs. 4.5%; hazard ratio: 1.94; 95% confidence interval: 1.10 to 3.41; p = 0.02) and a nonsignificant difference in the risk for the composite endpoint of death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (11.8% vs. 9.2%; hazard ratio: 1.28; 95% confidence interval: 0.82 to 2.00; p = 0.28). Conclusions: Among patients with left main disease treated with CABG in the EXCEL trial, off-pump surgery was associated with a lower rate of revascularization of the coronary arteries supplying the inferolateral wall and an increased risk of 3-year all-cause death compared with on-pump surgery.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)729-740
Number of pages12
JournalJournal of the American College of Cardiology
Volume74
Issue number6
Early online date5 Aug 2019
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 13 Aug 2019

Research Groups and Themes

  • Centre for Surgical Research

Keywords

  • coronary artery bypass grafting
  • left main disease
  • off-pump

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