On the Performance of Generalized Polarizationspatial Modulation

Polarization-spatial modulation (PSM) has recently emerged as an effective solution to enhance the performance and energy efficiency of traditional polarization modulation (PM), where a single dual-polarized (DP) antenna is used for signal transmission. However, PSM experiences a notable decline in spectral efficiency (SE) due to the constraints of using a single activated DP antenna. To tackle this challenge, we introduce a generalized PSM (GPSM) scheme that boosts SE by enabling the use of multiple DP antennas for transmission. In the GPSM scheme, the information bits are mapped to antenna activation patterns (AAPs), polarization matrix activation patterns (PAPs), and modulated symbols. Besides, we introduce two efficient detection methods for GPSM: a maximum likelihood (ML) detector and a log-likelihood ratio (LLR) detector. The LLR method is designed to mitigate the high computational complexity of the optimal ML detector, with only a minimal loss in system performance. Additionally, we derive a closed-form upper bound on the bit error rate (BER) to evaluate the performance of GPSM. Simulation results demonstrate that GPSM outperforms both traditional PM and PSM schemes, particularly in high signal-tonoise ratio (SNR) regions, and validate the theoretical analysis.