Primary Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among HIV-Infected Men Who Have Sex With Men in San Diego, 2000–2015

Antoine Chaillon; Xiaoying Sun; Edward R. Cachay; David Looney; David Wyles; Richard S. Garfein; Thomas C.S. Martin; Sonia Jain; Sanjay R. Mehta; Davey M. Smith; Susan J. Little; Natasha K. Martin

doi:10.1093/ofid/ofz160

Primary Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among HIV-Infected Men Who Have Sex With Men in San Diego, 2000–2015

Antoine Chaillon
, Xiaoying Sun
, Edward R. Cachay
, David Looney
, David Wyles
, Richard S. Garfein
, Thomas C.S. Martin
, Sonia Jain
, Sanjay R. Mehta
, Davey M. Smith
, Susan J. Little
, Natasha K. Martin^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

25 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Little is known about the hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic among HIV-infected men who have sex with men (HIV+ MSM) in the United States. In this study, we aimed to determine the incidence of primary HCV infection among HIV+ MSM in San Diego, California.

METHODS:
We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of HCV infection among HIV+ MSM attending 2 of the largest HIV clinics in San Diego. Incident HCV infection was assessed among HIV+ MSM with a negative anti-HCV test and subsequent HCV test between 2000 and 2017, with data censored to 2015. HCV reinfection was assessed among HIV+ MSM successfully treated for HCV between 2008 and 2015. Infection/reinfection rates were calculated using person-time methods.

RESULTS:
Among 3068 initially HCV-seronegative HIV+ MSM, 178 new infections occurred over 15 796 person-years, giving an incidence of 1.13 per 100 person-years (/100py; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97-1.31). Incidence was stable from 2000 to 2014 (0.83/100py; 95% CI, 0.41-1.48), with an increase to 3.01/100py (95% CI, 1.97-4.42) in 2015 (P = .02). Among 43 successfully treated patients, 3 were reinfected.

CONCLUSIONS:
HCV incidence is high among HIV+ MSM in San Diego, with evidence suggesting a recent increase in 2015. Strong HCV testing guidelines and active prevention efforts among HIV+ MSM are urgently needed that include rapid diagnosis, treatment, and risk reduction.

Original language	English
Article number	ofz160
Number of pages	7
Journal	Open Forum Infectious Diseases
Volume	6
Issue number	4
Early online date	3 Apr 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz160
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 3 Apr 2019

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

HCV
HIV
Incidence
Men who have sex with men

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10.1093/ofid/ofz160

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Supplementary information DOCX TablesFinal published version, 106 KBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

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Chaillon, A., Sun, X., Cachay, E. R., Looney, D., Wyles, D., Garfein, R. S., Martin, T. C. S., Jain, S., Mehta, S. R., Smith, D. M., Little, S. J., & Martin, N. K. (2019). Primary Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among HIV-Infected Men Who Have Sex With Men in San Diego, 2000–2015. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 6(4), Article ofz160. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz160

@article{2f817cfa9c7548b4b14903c695a7ae5b,

title = "Primary Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among HIV-Infected Men Who Have Sex With Men in San Diego, 2000–2015",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Little is known about the hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic among HIV-infected men who have sex with men (HIV+ MSM) in the United States. In this study, we aimed to determine the incidence of primary HCV infection among HIV+ MSM in San Diego, California. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of HCV infection among HIV+ MSM attending 2 of the largest HIV clinics in San Diego. Incident HCV infection was assessed among HIV+ MSM with a negative anti-HCV test and subsequent HCV test between 2000 and 2017, with data censored to 2015. HCV reinfection was assessed among HIV+ MSM successfully treated for HCV between 2008 and 2015. Infection/reinfection rates were calculated using person-time methods. RESULTS: Among 3068 initially HCV-seronegative HIV+ MSM, 178 new infections occurred over 15 796 person-years, giving an incidence of 1.13 per 100 person-years (/100py; 95\% confidence interval [CI], 0.97-1.31). Incidence was stable from 2000 to 2014 (0.83/100py; 95\% CI, 0.41-1.48), with an increase to 3.01/100py (95\% CI, 1.97-4.42) in 2015 (P = .02). Among 43 successfully treated patients, 3 were reinfected. CONCLUSIONS: HCV incidence is high among HIV+ MSM in San Diego, with evidence suggesting a recent increase in 2015. Strong HCV testing guidelines and active prevention efforts among HIV+ MSM are urgently needed that include rapid diagnosis, treatment, and risk reduction.",

keywords = "HCV, HIV, Incidence, Men who have sex with men",

author = "Antoine Chaillon and Xiaoying Sun and Cachay, \{Edward R.\} and David Looney and David Wyles and Garfein, \{Richard S.\} and Martin, \{Thomas C.S.\} and Sonia Jain and Mehta, \{Sanjay R.\} and Smith, \{Davey M.\} and Little, \{Susan J.\} and Martin, \{Natasha K.\}",

year = "2019",

month = apr,

day = "3",

doi = "10.1093/ofid/ofz160",

language = "English",

volume = "6",

journal = "Open Forum Infectious Diseases",

issn = "2328-8957",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "4",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Primary Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among HIV-Infected Men Who Have Sex With Men in San Diego, 2000–2015

AU - Chaillon, Antoine

AU - Sun, Xiaoying

AU - Cachay, Edward R.

AU - Looney, David

AU - Wyles, David

AU - Garfein, Richard S.

AU - Martin, Thomas C.S.

AU - Jain, Sonia

AU - Mehta, Sanjay R.

AU - Smith, Davey M.

AU - Little, Susan J.

AU - Martin, Natasha K.

PY - 2019/4/3

Y1 - 2019/4/3

N2 - BACKGROUND: Little is known about the hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic among HIV-infected men who have sex with men (HIV+ MSM) in the United States. In this study, we aimed to determine the incidence of primary HCV infection among HIV+ MSM in San Diego, California. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of HCV infection among HIV+ MSM attending 2 of the largest HIV clinics in San Diego. Incident HCV infection was assessed among HIV+ MSM with a negative anti-HCV test and subsequent HCV test between 2000 and 2017, with data censored to 2015. HCV reinfection was assessed among HIV+ MSM successfully treated for HCV between 2008 and 2015. Infection/reinfection rates were calculated using person-time methods. RESULTS: Among 3068 initially HCV-seronegative HIV+ MSM, 178 new infections occurred over 15 796 person-years, giving an incidence of 1.13 per 100 person-years (/100py; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97-1.31). Incidence was stable from 2000 to 2014 (0.83/100py; 95% CI, 0.41-1.48), with an increase to 3.01/100py (95% CI, 1.97-4.42) in 2015 (P = .02). Among 43 successfully treated patients, 3 were reinfected. CONCLUSIONS: HCV incidence is high among HIV+ MSM in San Diego, with evidence suggesting a recent increase in 2015. Strong HCV testing guidelines and active prevention efforts among HIV+ MSM are urgently needed that include rapid diagnosis, treatment, and risk reduction.

AB - BACKGROUND: Little is known about the hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic among HIV-infected men who have sex with men (HIV+ MSM) in the United States. In this study, we aimed to determine the incidence of primary HCV infection among HIV+ MSM in San Diego, California. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of HCV infection among HIV+ MSM attending 2 of the largest HIV clinics in San Diego. Incident HCV infection was assessed among HIV+ MSM with a negative anti-HCV test and subsequent HCV test between 2000 and 2017, with data censored to 2015. HCV reinfection was assessed among HIV+ MSM successfully treated for HCV between 2008 and 2015. Infection/reinfection rates were calculated using person-time methods. RESULTS: Among 3068 initially HCV-seronegative HIV+ MSM, 178 new infections occurred over 15 796 person-years, giving an incidence of 1.13 per 100 person-years (/100py; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97-1.31). Incidence was stable from 2000 to 2014 (0.83/100py; 95% CI, 0.41-1.48), with an increase to 3.01/100py (95% CI, 1.97-4.42) in 2015 (P = .02). Among 43 successfully treated patients, 3 were reinfected. CONCLUSIONS: HCV incidence is high among HIV+ MSM in San Diego, with evidence suggesting a recent increase in 2015. Strong HCV testing guidelines and active prevention efforts among HIV+ MSM are urgently needed that include rapid diagnosis, treatment, and risk reduction.

KW - HCV

KW - HIV

KW - Incidence

KW - Men who have sex with men

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85066398491

U2 - 10.1093/ofid/ofz160

DO - 10.1093/ofid/ofz160

M3 - Article (Academic Journal)

C2 - 31041355

AN - SCOPUS:85066398491

SN - 2328-8957

VL - 6

JO - Open Forum Infectious Diseases

JF - Open Forum Infectious Diseases

IS - 4

M1 - ofz160

ER -

Primary Incidence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among HIV-Infected Men Who Have Sex With Men in San Diego, 2000–2015

Abstract

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