Abstract
Objectives: To describe the features and diagnoses of a population of cats referred with pyrexia. Other aims were to report, and evaluate the utility of, clinical investigations performed, and describe any effect of treatment before referral on temperature at presentation and ability to make a diagnosis.
Methods: Clinical records of cats with pyrexia (≥39.2°C) documented at least twice were retrospectively reviewed. Cases were assigned into disease categories (infectious, inflammatory, immune-mediated, neoplastic, miscellaneous and no diagnosis [pyrexia of unknown origin, PUO]) based on diagnosis. The overall value of clinical investigations was assessed by classifying them as ‘enabling’, ‘assisting’ or ‘no assistance’ in achieving each diagnosis. The effect of treatment before referral was assessed for any association with temperature at presentation and ability to make a diagnosis (PUO versus other disease categories.
Results: 106 cases were identified. The most common cause of pyrexia was feline infectious peritonitis (22 cats, 20.8%) and the largest disease category was infectious (41/106, 38.7%). Inflammatory conditions were found in 19 (17.9%), neoplasia in 13 (12.3%), miscellaneous causes in 11 (10.4%) and immune-mediated disease in six (5.7%) cats. No diagnosis was reached in 16 (15.0%) cats, often despite extensive diagnostic investigations. Cytology and histopathology most often ‘enabled’ or ‘assisted’ in obtaining a diagnosis. Most cats (91 cats, 85.8%) received treatment before referral, with antimicrobial treatment given to eighty- seven (82.1%) cats. Prior treatment before referral was not associated with temperature at presentation nor with success in establishing a diagnosis.
Conclusions and relevance: This is the first study investigating causes of pyrexia in cats. Infectious diseases were most common and immune-mediated diseases were comparatively rare.
Methods: Clinical records of cats with pyrexia (≥39.2°C) documented at least twice were retrospectively reviewed. Cases were assigned into disease categories (infectious, inflammatory, immune-mediated, neoplastic, miscellaneous and no diagnosis [pyrexia of unknown origin, PUO]) based on diagnosis. The overall value of clinical investigations was assessed by classifying them as ‘enabling’, ‘assisting’ or ‘no assistance’ in achieving each diagnosis. The effect of treatment before referral was assessed for any association with temperature at presentation and ability to make a diagnosis (PUO versus other disease categories.
Results: 106 cases were identified. The most common cause of pyrexia was feline infectious peritonitis (22 cats, 20.8%) and the largest disease category was infectious (41/106, 38.7%). Inflammatory conditions were found in 19 (17.9%), neoplasia in 13 (12.3%), miscellaneous causes in 11 (10.4%) and immune-mediated disease in six (5.7%) cats. No diagnosis was reached in 16 (15.0%) cats, often despite extensive diagnostic investigations. Cytology and histopathology most often ‘enabled’ or ‘assisted’ in obtaining a diagnosis. Most cats (91 cats, 85.8%) received treatment before referral, with antimicrobial treatment given to eighty- seven (82.1%) cats. Prior treatment before referral was not associated with temperature at presentation nor with success in establishing a diagnosis.
Conclusions and relevance: This is the first study investigating causes of pyrexia in cats. Infectious diseases were most common and immune-mediated diseases were comparatively rare.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Number of pages | 8 |
| Journal | Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery |
| Early online date | 7 Sept 2017 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | E-pub ahead of print - 7 Sept 2017 |
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This is the author accepted manuscript (AAM). The final published version (version of record) is available online via Sage at http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1098612X17733624. Please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher.