Reconciling the changes in atmospheric methane sources and sinks between the Last Glacial Maximum and the pre-industrial era

We know from the ice record that the concentration of atmospheric methane, [CH ₄], at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) was roughly half that in the pre-industrial era (PI), but how much of the difference was source-driven, and how much was sink-driven, remains uncertain. Recent developments include: a higher estimate of the LGM-PI change in methane emissions from wetlandsthe dominant, natural methane source; and the possible recycling of OH consumed in isoprene oxidationthe principal methane sink. Here, in view of these developments, we use an atmospheric chemistry-transport model to re-examine the main factors affecting OH during this period: changes in air temperature and emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds from vegetation. We find that their net effect was negligible (with and without an OH recycling mechanism), implying the change in [CH ₄] was almost entirely source drivena conclusion that, though subject to significant uncertainties, can be reconciled with recent methane source estimates.