Reduced-order modeling of gust responses

This paper describes two approaches to the construction of reduced-order models from computational fluid dynamics to predict the gust response of airfoils and wings. The first is a linear reduced-order model constructed using
the eigensystem realization algorithm from pulse responses, and the second approach modifies the linear reduced-order model using steady-state data to introduce some nonlinearity into the reduced-order model. Results are presented for the Future Fast Aeroelastic Simulation Technologies wing and the Future Fast Aeroelastic Simulation Technologies crank airfoil, in which, in the transonic regime for gusts of large amplitude, the response exhibits nonlinearity due to shock motion. This nonlinearity is not captured well by linear reduced-order models; however, the nonlinear reduced-order model shows better agreement with the full nonlinear simulation results.