Relationship Between Oral Health and Glaucoma Traits in the United Kingdom

Rachel H Lee; Jae H Kang; Janey L Wiggs; Siegfried K Wagner; Anthony P Khawaja; Louis R Pasquale; Denize Atan; Modifiable Risk Factors for Glaucoma Collaboration, the UK Biobank Eye and Vision Consortium, and the International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium; et al

doi:10.1097/IJG.0000000000002370

Relationship Between Oral Health and Glaucoma Traits in the United Kingdom

Rachel H Lee, Jae H Kang, Janey L Wiggs, Siegfried K Wagner, Anthony P Khawaja, Louis R Pasquale, Denize Atan, Modifiable Risk Factors for Glaucoma Collaboration, the UK Biobank Eye and Vision Consortium, and the International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium, et al

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

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Abstract

Précis:

In this cross-sectional analysis of UK Biobank participants, we find no adverse association between self-reported oral health conditions and either glaucoma or elevated intraocular pressures.

Purpose:

Poor oral health may cause inflammation, which accelerates the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. We investigated the relationship between oral health and glaucoma.

Patients:

United Kingdom Biobank participants.

Methods:

This is a cross-sectional analysis of participants categorized by self-reported oral health status. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used. Primary analysis examined the association with glaucoma prevalence. Secondary analyses examined associations with IOP, macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL), and ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thicknesses, and interaction terms with multitrait glaucoma polygenic risk scores (MTAG PRS) or intraocular pressure (IOP) PRS.

Results:

A total of 170,815 participants (34.3%) reported current oral health problems, including painful or bleeding gums, toothache, loose teeth, and/or denture wear. A In all, 33,059, 33,004, 14,652, and 14,613 participants were available for analysis of glaucoma, IOP, mRNFL, and mGCIPL, respectively. No association between oral health and glaucoma was identified [odds ratio (OR): 1.04, 95% CI: 0.95–1.14]. IOPs were slightly lower among those with oral disease (−0.08 mm Hg, 95% CI: −0.15, −0.009); specifically, among those with loose teeth (P=0.03) and denture-wearers (P<0.0001). mRNFL measurements were lower among those with oral health conditions (−0.14 μm, 95% CI: −0.27, −0.0009), but mGCIPL measurements (P=0.96) were not significantly different. A PRS for IOP or glaucoma did not modify relations between oral health and IOP or glaucoma (P for interactions ≥0.17).

Conclusions:

Self-reported oral health was not associated with elevated IOP or an increased risk of glaucoma. Future studies should confirm the null association between clinically diagnosed oral health conditions and glaucoma.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	400-408
Number of pages	9
Journal	Journal of Glaucoma
Volume	33
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1097/IJG.0000000000002370
Publication status	Published - 1 Jun 2024

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Keywords

Humans
Cross-Sectional Studies
United Kingdom/epidemiology
Male
Female
Middle Aged
Oral Health
Intraocular Pressure/physiology
Aged
Nerve Fibers/pathology
Glaucoma/epidemiology
Retinal Ganglion Cells/pathology
Self Report
Risk Factors
Prevalence
Tomography, Optical Coherence
Adult

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Lee, R. H., Kang, J. H., Wiggs, J. L., Wagner, S. K., Khawaja, A. P., Pasquale, L. R., Atan, D., Modifiable Risk Factors for Glaucoma Collaboration, the UK Biobank Eye and Vision Consortium, and the International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium, & al, E. (2024). Relationship Between Oral Health and Glaucoma Traits in the United Kingdom. Journal of Glaucoma, 33(6), 400-408. https://doi.org/10.1097/IJG.0000000000002370

@article{0c26b5ed61e24fb29b5d510deff8d31b,

title = "Relationship Between Oral Health and Glaucoma Traits in the United Kingdom",

abstract = "Pr{\'e}cis: In this cross-sectional analysis of UK Biobank participants, we find no adverse association between self-reported oral health conditions and either glaucoma or elevated intraocular pressures. Purpose: Poor oral health may cause inflammation, which accelerates the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. We investigated the relationship between oral health and glaucoma. Patients: United Kingdom Biobank participants. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of participants categorized by self-reported oral health status. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used. Primary analysis examined the association with glaucoma prevalence. Secondary analyses examined associations with IOP, macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL), and ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thicknesses, and interaction terms with multitrait glaucoma polygenic risk scores (MTAG PRS) or intraocular pressure (IOP) PRS. Results: A total of 170,815 participants (34.3\%) reported current oral health problems, including painful or bleeding gums, toothache, loose teeth, and/or denture wear. A In all, 33,059, 33,004, 14,652, and 14,613 participants were available for analysis of glaucoma, IOP, mRNFL, and mGCIPL, respectively. No association between oral health and glaucoma was identified [odds ratio (OR): 1.04, 95\% CI: 0.95–1.14]. IOPs were slightly lower among those with oral disease (−0.08 mm Hg, 95\% CI: −0.15, −0.009); specifically, among those with loose teeth (P=0.03) and denture-wearers (P<0.0001). mRNFL measurements were lower among those with oral health conditions (−0.14 μm, 95\% CI: −0.27, −0.0009), but mGCIPL measurements (P=0.96) were not significantly different. A PRS for IOP or glaucoma did not modify relations between oral health and IOP or glaucoma (P for interactions ≥0.17). Conclusions: Self-reported oral health was not associated with elevated IOP or an increased risk of glaucoma. Future studies should confirm the null association between clinically diagnosed oral health conditions and glaucoma.",

keywords = "Humans, Cross-Sectional Studies, United Kingdom/epidemiology, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Oral Health, Intraocular Pressure/physiology, Aged, Nerve Fibers/pathology, Glaucoma/epidemiology, Retinal Ganglion Cells/pathology, Self Report, Risk Factors, Prevalence, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Adult",

author = "Lee, \{Rachel H\} and Kang, \{Jae H\} and Wiggs, \{Janey L\} and Wagner, \{Siegfried K\} and Khawaja, \{Anthony P\} and Pasquale, \{Louis R\} and Denize Atan and \{Modifiable Risk Factors for Glaucoma Collaboration, the UK Biobank Eye and Vision Consortium, and the International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium\} and et al",

year = "2024",

month = jun,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1097/IJG.0000000000002370",

language = "English",

volume = "33",

pages = "400--408",

journal = "Journal of Glaucoma",

issn = "1057-0829",

publisher = "Lippincott Williams and Wilkins",

number = "6",

}

Lee, RH, Kang, JH, Wiggs, JL, Wagner, SK, Khawaja, AP, Pasquale, LR, Atan, D, Modifiable Risk Factors for Glaucoma Collaboration, the UK Biobank Eye and Vision Consortium, and the International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium & al, E 2024, 'Relationship Between Oral Health and Glaucoma Traits in the United Kingdom', Journal of Glaucoma, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 400-408. https://doi.org/10.1097/IJG.0000000000002370

TY - JOUR

T1 - Relationship Between Oral Health and Glaucoma Traits in the United Kingdom

AU - Lee, Rachel H

AU - Kang, Jae H

AU - Wiggs, Janey L

AU - Wagner, Siegfried K

AU - Khawaja, Anthony P

AU - Pasquale, Louis R

AU - Atan, Denize

AU - Modifiable Risk Factors for Glaucoma Collaboration, the UK Biobank Eye and Vision Consortium, and the International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium

AU - al, et

PY - 2024/6/1

Y1 - 2024/6/1

N2 - Précis: In this cross-sectional analysis of UK Biobank participants, we find no adverse association between self-reported oral health conditions and either glaucoma or elevated intraocular pressures. Purpose: Poor oral health may cause inflammation, which accelerates the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. We investigated the relationship between oral health and glaucoma. Patients: United Kingdom Biobank participants. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of participants categorized by self-reported oral health status. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used. Primary analysis examined the association with glaucoma prevalence. Secondary analyses examined associations with IOP, macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL), and ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thicknesses, and interaction terms with multitrait glaucoma polygenic risk scores (MTAG PRS) or intraocular pressure (IOP) PRS. Results: A total of 170,815 participants (34.3%) reported current oral health problems, including painful or bleeding gums, toothache, loose teeth, and/or denture wear. A In all, 33,059, 33,004, 14,652, and 14,613 participants were available for analysis of glaucoma, IOP, mRNFL, and mGCIPL, respectively. No association between oral health and glaucoma was identified [odds ratio (OR): 1.04, 95% CI: 0.95–1.14]. IOPs were slightly lower among those with oral disease (−0.08 mm Hg, 95% CI: −0.15, −0.009); specifically, among those with loose teeth (P=0.03) and denture-wearers (P<0.0001). mRNFL measurements were lower among those with oral health conditions (−0.14 μm, 95% CI: −0.27, −0.0009), but mGCIPL measurements (P=0.96) were not significantly different. A PRS for IOP or glaucoma did not modify relations between oral health and IOP or glaucoma (P for interactions ≥0.17). Conclusions: Self-reported oral health was not associated with elevated IOP or an increased risk of glaucoma. Future studies should confirm the null association between clinically diagnosed oral health conditions and glaucoma.

AB - Précis: In this cross-sectional analysis of UK Biobank participants, we find no adverse association between self-reported oral health conditions and either glaucoma or elevated intraocular pressures. Purpose: Poor oral health may cause inflammation, which accelerates the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. We investigated the relationship between oral health and glaucoma. Patients: United Kingdom Biobank participants. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of participants categorized by self-reported oral health status. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used. Primary analysis examined the association with glaucoma prevalence. Secondary analyses examined associations with IOP, macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL), and ganglion cell inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thicknesses, and interaction terms with multitrait glaucoma polygenic risk scores (MTAG PRS) or intraocular pressure (IOP) PRS. Results: A total of 170,815 participants (34.3%) reported current oral health problems, including painful or bleeding gums, toothache, loose teeth, and/or denture wear. A In all, 33,059, 33,004, 14,652, and 14,613 participants were available for analysis of glaucoma, IOP, mRNFL, and mGCIPL, respectively. No association between oral health and glaucoma was identified [odds ratio (OR): 1.04, 95% CI: 0.95–1.14]. IOPs were slightly lower among those with oral disease (−0.08 mm Hg, 95% CI: −0.15, −0.009); specifically, among those with loose teeth (P=0.03) and denture-wearers (P<0.0001). mRNFL measurements were lower among those with oral health conditions (−0.14 μm, 95% CI: −0.27, −0.0009), but mGCIPL measurements (P=0.96) were not significantly different. A PRS for IOP or glaucoma did not modify relations between oral health and IOP or glaucoma (P for interactions ≥0.17). Conclusions: Self-reported oral health was not associated with elevated IOP or an increased risk of glaucoma. Future studies should confirm the null association between clinically diagnosed oral health conditions and glaucoma.

KW - Humans

KW - Cross-Sectional Studies

KW - United Kingdom/epidemiology

KW - Male

KW - Female

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Oral Health

KW - Intraocular Pressure/physiology

KW - Aged

KW - Nerve Fibers/pathology

KW - Glaucoma/epidemiology

KW - Retinal Ganglion Cells/pathology

KW - Self Report

KW - Risk Factors

KW - Prevalence

KW - Tomography, Optical Coherence

KW - Adult

U2 - 10.1097/IJG.0000000000002370

DO - 10.1097/IJG.0000000000002370

M3 - Article (Academic Journal)

C2 - 38506820

SN - 1057-0829

VL - 33

SP - 400

EP - 408

JO - Journal of Glaucoma

JF - Journal of Glaucoma

IS - 6

ER -

Relationship Between Oral Health and Glaucoma Traits in the United Kingdom

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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