Review of machine learning technologies and artificial intelligence in modern manufacturing systems

With the advent of new methods usually identified under the banners of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), statistical analysis methods of complex and uncertain manufacturing systems have been undergoing significant changes. Therefore, various definitions of AI, a brief history, and its differences with traditional statistics are presented. Moreover, ML is introduced to identify its place in data science and differences to topics such as big data analytics and manufacturing problems that use AI and ML are then characterized. Next, a lifecycle-based approach is adopted and the use of various methods in each phase is analyzed, identifying the most useful techniques and the unifying attributes of AI in manufacturing. Finally, the chapter maps out future developments of AI and the emerging trends and identifies a vision based on combining machine and human intelligence in a productive and empowering manner as well. This vision presents humans and increasingly more intelligent machines, not as competitors, but as partners allowing creative and innovative paradigms to emerge.