Row-Column Addressed Arrays for Nondestructive Evaluation Applications

James P. Kirkpatrick; Paul D. Wilcox; Robert A. Smith

doi:10.1109/TUFFC.2019.2909138

Row-Column Addressed Arrays for Nondestructive Evaluation Applications

James P. Kirkpatrick^*, Paul D. Wilcox, Robert A. Smith

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

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Abstract

Row-column addressed (RCA) arrays are 2-D arrays formed by two orthogonal overlapping linear arrays made up of elongated elements. This substantially reduces the number of elements in the 2-D array. Modeled data are used to compare RCA arrays in pulse-echo mode to fully populated 2-D arrays for nondestructive evaluation (NDE) applications and an improved beamforming algorithm based on the total focusing method is tested. Improved beamforming has led to a less than half-wavelength diameter conical bottom hole being successfully detected experimentally using an RCA array, with a maximum signal-to-noise ratio of 17.0 dB (3.s.f). The average difference between the-6-dB drop width and the nominal drill bit diameter when sizing flat bottom holes experimentally using RCA arrays is also improved compared to plane B-scan algorithms from (1.29 ± 0.07) mm to (0.23 ± 0.04) mm. These developments demonstrate the advantages of using RCA arrays over conventional fully populated 2-D arrays and provide a basis for their use, and development, in the field of NDE.

Original language	English
Article number	8681092
Pages (from-to)	1119-1128
Number of pages	10
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
Volume	66
Issue number	6
Early online date	3 Apr 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2019.2909138
Publication status	Published - 1 Jun 2019

Keywords

Array signal processing
focusing
imaging
inspection
nondestructive testing
ultrasonic imaging
ultrasonic transducer arrays
ultrasonic transducers

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title = "Row-Column Addressed Arrays for Nondestructive Evaluation Applications",

abstract = "Row-column addressed (RCA) arrays are 2-D arrays formed by two orthogonal overlapping linear arrays made up of elongated elements. This substantially reduces the number of elements in the 2-D array. Modeled data are used to compare RCA arrays in pulse-echo mode to fully populated 2-D arrays for nondestructive evaluation (NDE) applications and an improved beamforming algorithm based on the total focusing method is tested. Improved beamforming has led to a less than half-wavelength diameter conical bottom hole being successfully detected experimentally using an RCA array, with a maximum signal-to-noise ratio of 17.0 dB (3.s.f). The average difference between the-6-dB drop width and the nominal drill bit diameter when sizing flat bottom holes experimentally using RCA arrays is also improved compared to plane B-scan algorithms from (1.29 ± 0.07) mm to (0.23 ± 0.04) mm. These developments demonstrate the advantages of using RCA arrays over conventional fully populated 2-D arrays and provide a basis for their use, and development, in the field of NDE.",

keywords = "Array signal processing, focusing, imaging, inspection, nondestructive testing, ultrasonic imaging, ultrasonic transducer arrays, ultrasonic transducers",

author = "Kirkpatrick, {James P.} and Wilcox, {Paul D.} and Smith, {Robert A.}",

year = "2019",

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AU - Smith, Robert A.

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N2 - Row-column addressed (RCA) arrays are 2-D arrays formed by two orthogonal overlapping linear arrays made up of elongated elements. This substantially reduces the number of elements in the 2-D array. Modeled data are used to compare RCA arrays in pulse-echo mode to fully populated 2-D arrays for nondestructive evaluation (NDE) applications and an improved beamforming algorithm based on the total focusing method is tested. Improved beamforming has led to a less than half-wavelength diameter conical bottom hole being successfully detected experimentally using an RCA array, with a maximum signal-to-noise ratio of 17.0 dB (3.s.f). The average difference between the-6-dB drop width and the nominal drill bit diameter when sizing flat bottom holes experimentally using RCA arrays is also improved compared to plane B-scan algorithms from (1.29 ± 0.07) mm to (0.23 ± 0.04) mm. These developments demonstrate the advantages of using RCA arrays over conventional fully populated 2-D arrays and provide a basis for their use, and development, in the field of NDE.

AB - Row-column addressed (RCA) arrays are 2-D arrays formed by two orthogonal overlapping linear arrays made up of elongated elements. This substantially reduces the number of elements in the 2-D array. Modeled data are used to compare RCA arrays in pulse-echo mode to fully populated 2-D arrays for nondestructive evaluation (NDE) applications and an improved beamforming algorithm based on the total focusing method is tested. Improved beamforming has led to a less than half-wavelength diameter conical bottom hole being successfully detected experimentally using an RCA array, with a maximum signal-to-noise ratio of 17.0 dB (3.s.f). The average difference between the-6-dB drop width and the nominal drill bit diameter when sizing flat bottom holes experimentally using RCA arrays is also improved compared to plane B-scan algorithms from (1.29 ± 0.07) mm to (0.23 ± 0.04) mm. These developments demonstrate the advantages of using RCA arrays over conventional fully populated 2-D arrays and provide a basis for their use, and development, in the field of NDE.

KW - Array signal processing

KW - focusing

KW - imaging

KW - inspection

KW - nondestructive testing

KW - ultrasonic imaging

KW - ultrasonic transducer arrays

KW - ultrasonic transducers

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JF - IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control

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ER -

Row-Column Addressed Arrays for Nondestructive Evaluation Applications

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