Simultaneous spectroscopic, diffraction and microscopic study of the metal-insulator transition of VO₂

We present a simultaneous photoemission spectroscopic, low-energy electron diffraction and low-energy electron microscopic study of the metal-insulator transition of strained VO₂. The fraction of rutile structure is extracted from the microscopic measurements throughout the transition, and compared with the fraction of the metallic electrons from photoemission data. We find that at intermediate temperatures, while the system is predominantly monoclinic-like in structure, the electronic component of the transition is much further advanced. Our results provide direct evidence for a monoclinic-like metallic phase of VO₂that is easily accessible at ambient temperatures and pressures.