TY - JOUR
T1 - Tetrapod distribution and temperature rise during the Permian–Triassic mass extinction
AU - Bernardi, Massimo
AU - Petti, Fabio Massimo
AU - Benton, Michael J.
N1 - © 2018 The Authors.
PY - 2018/1/10
Y1 - 2018/1/10
N2 - The Permian–Triassicmass extinction (PTME) had an enormous impact on life in three ways: by substantially reducing diversity, by reshuffling the composition of ecosystems and by expelling life from the tropics following episodes of intense global warming. But was there really an ‘equatorial tetrapod gap’, and how long did it last? Here, we consider both skeletal and footprint data, and find a more complex pattern: (i) tetrapods were distributed both at high and lowlatitudes during this time; (ii) therewas a clear geographic disjunction through the PTME, with tetrapod distribution shifting 10–158 poleward; and (iii) there was a rapid expansion phase across the whole of Pangea following the PTME. These changes are consistent with a model of generalized migration of tetrapods to higher latitudinal, cooler regions, to escape from the superhot equatorial climate in the earliest Triassic, but the effect was shorter in time scale, and not as pronounced as had been proposed. In the recovery phase following the PTME, this episode of forced range expansion also appears to have promoted the emergence and radiation of entirely new groups, such as the archosaurs, including the dinosaurs.
AB - The Permian–Triassicmass extinction (PTME) had an enormous impact on life in three ways: by substantially reducing diversity, by reshuffling the composition of ecosystems and by expelling life from the tropics following episodes of intense global warming. But was there really an ‘equatorial tetrapod gap’, and how long did it last? Here, we consider both skeletal and footprint data, and find a more complex pattern: (i) tetrapods were distributed both at high and lowlatitudes during this time; (ii) therewas a clear geographic disjunction through the PTME, with tetrapod distribution shifting 10–158 poleward; and (iii) there was a rapid expansion phase across the whole of Pangea following the PTME. These changes are consistent with a model of generalized migration of tetrapods to higher latitudinal, cooler regions, to escape from the superhot equatorial climate in the earliest Triassic, but the effect was shorter in time scale, and not as pronounced as had been proposed. In the recovery phase following the PTME, this episode of forced range expansion also appears to have promoted the emergence and radiation of entirely new groups, such as the archosaurs, including the dinosaurs.
KW - Global warming
KW - Palaeobiogeography
KW - Range expansion
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85040733257&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1098/rspb.2017.2331
DO - 10.1098/rspb.2017.2331
M3 - Article (Academic Journal)
C2 - 29321300
SN - 0962-8452
VL - 285
JO - Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
JF - Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
IS - 1870
M1 - 20172331
ER -