Abstract
This inquiry interrogates the experiences of local implementation actors of the Philippine Department of Education as they navigate through reform efforts within systemic corruption. Departing from dominant analytical paradigms centred on patron-client frameworks, the article introduces the typology of complex linkages where local actors play their roles as they find themselves trapped in between the powerful discourse of reform on the one hand and corruption on the other. Empirical findings of howlocal actors make sense of the challenges of reform amidst corruption as well as reflections towards greater analytical clarity are proposed.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 381-400 |
Number of pages | 20 |
Journal | Asia Pacific Journal of Education |
Volume | 30 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Dec 2010 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Both TDP and PROBE receive substantial amounts of financial assistance, in loans and grants from international agencies and from Local Government Units (LGUs). Chua underscores these huge outlays: the Programme for the Development of Education (PRODED) funded by the World Bank for DECS from 1973 to 1988 totalled US$217.16 million. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) issued a US$70 million loan in 1988 while the Canadian government also forked out US$12 million for printing of high school textbooks. Starting from the year 2000, the DECS also received fresh loans from the World Bank and the ADB for the Third Elementary Education Project (TEEP) and the Secondary Education Development and Improvement Programme (SEDIP). Philippine Congress and LGUs give financial assistance to the DECS through pork barrel funds which “also included the Congressional Initiative Allocations (CIA), which were intended to pay for projects inserted in the approved budget of the agency through the initiative of the legislators” (Chua, 1999, p. 20). The LGUs also provide additional financial help to the DepEd through the Special Education Fund (SEF) and the General Fund of LGUs:
Keywords
- Corruption
- Educational governance
- Implementation
- Philippines