Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway is a key driver in carcinogenesis. Defects in this pathway in human cancer syndromes such as Cowden's disease and Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia result in tumors of endocrine tissues, highlighting its importance in these cancer types. This review explores the growing evidence from multiple animal and in vitro models and from analysis of human tumors for the involvement of this pathway in the following: thyroid carcinoma subtypes, parathyroid carcinoma, pituitary tumors, adrenocortical carcinoma, phaeochromocytoma, neuroblastoma, and gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. While data are not always consistent, immunohistochemistry performed on human tumor tissue has been used alongside other techniques to demonstrate Akt overactivation. We review active Akt as a potential prognostic marker and the PI3K pathway as a therapeutic target in endocrine neoplasia.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 188 |
| Number of pages | 22 |
| Journal | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| Volume | 6 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 11 Jan 2016 |
Keywords
- Thyroid tumors
- pituitary tumors
- parathyroid tumors
- Adrenocortical Carcinoma
- Pheochromocytoma
- Neuroblastoma
- Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
- Akt (PKB)
Access to Document
- 62694474 Hague
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