The use and misuse of p values and related concepts

Richard G. Brereton

doi:10.1016/j.chemolab.2019.103884

The use and misuse of p values and related concepts

Richard G. Brereton

School of Chemistry

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

10 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The paper describes historic origins of p values via the work of Fisher, and the competing approach by Neyman and Pearson. Concepts of type 1 and type 2 errors, false positive rates, power, and prevalence are also defined, and the merger of the two approaches via the Null Hypothesis Significance Test. The relationship between p values and false detection rate is discussed. The reproducibility of p values is described. The current controversy over the use of p values and significance tests is introduced.

Original language	English
Article number	103884
Number of pages	7
Journal	Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems
Volume	195
Early online date	29 Oct 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemolab.2019.103884
Publication status	Published - 15 Dec 2019

Keywords

False positive rate
Hypothesis test
Null hypothesis
p value
Significance test
Type 1 error
Type 2 error

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AB - The paper describes historic origins of p values via the work of Fisher, and the competing approach by Neyman and Pearson. Concepts of type 1 and type 2 errors, false positive rates, power, and prevalence are also defined, and the merger of the two approaches via the Null Hypothesis Significance Test. The relationship between p values and false detection rate is discussed. The reproducibility of p values is described. The current controversy over the use of p values and significance tests is introduced.

KW - False positive rate

KW - Hypothesis test

KW - Null hypothesis

KW - p value

KW - Significance test

KW - Type 1 error

KW - Type 2 error

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DO - 10.1016/j.chemolab.2019.103884

M3 - Review article (Academic Journal)

AN - SCOPUS:85074443124

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VL - 195

JO - Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems

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M1 - 103884

ER -

The use and misuse of p values and related concepts

Abstract

Keywords

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