Thermal evaluation of lithium-ion batteries: Defining the cylindrical cell cooling coefficient

M. Waseem Marzook; Alastair Hales; Yatish Patel; Gregory Offer; Monica Marinescu

doi:10.1016/j.est.2022.105217

Thermal evaluation of lithium-ion batteries: Defining the cylindrical cell cooling coefficient

M. Waseem Marzook, Alastair Hales^*, Yatish Patel, Gregory Offer, Monica Marinescu

^*Corresponding author for this work

Bristol Doctoral College

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

9 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Managing temperatures of lithium-ion cells in battery packs is crucial to ensuring their safe operation. However, thermal information provided on typical cell datasheets is insufficient to identify which cells can be easily thermally managed. The Cell Cooling Coefficient (CCC) aims to fill this gap, as a metric that defines the thermal dissipation from a cell when rejecting its own heat. While the CCC has been defined and used for pouch cells, no similar measure has been proven for cylindrical cells. This work successfully defines and measures the CCC for cylindrical cells under base cooling (CCC_Base), defined as the heat rejected through the base divided by the temperature difference from the base to positive cap. Using a non-standard, electrically optimised connection, the maxima for CCC_Base of an LG M50T (21700) and Samsung 30Q (18650) cell are successfully measured to be 0.139 and 0.115 W K⁻¹, respectively. Even though the 21700 has a higher CCC_Base, indicating that the cell can be cooled more efficiently, comparing the CCC_Base per area the 18650 can reject 13 % more heat for a given cooled area. A worked example demonstrates the equal importance of understanding heat generation alongside the CCC, for both cell design and down selecting cells.

Original language	English
Article number	105217
Journal	Journal of Energy Storage
Volume	54
Early online date	9 Jul 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2022.105217
Publication status	Published - Oct 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was generously supported via an EPSRC CASE (grant number EP/R513052/1) award by Williams Advanced Engineering, as well as the Faraday Institution (grant number EP/S003053/1, FIRG003 & FIRG025), the Innovate UK THT project (grant number 105297), the Innovate UK BATMAN project (grant number 491 104180) and the Innovate UK CoRuBa project (133369). For the purpose of open access, the author(s) has applied a creative commons attribution (CC BY) licence (where permitted by UKRI, ‘open government licence’ or ‘creative commons attribution no-derivatives (CC BY-ND) licence’ may be stated instead) to any author accepted manuscript version arising.

Funding Information:
This work was generously supported via an EPSRC CASE (grant number EP/R513052/1 ) award by Williams Advanced Engineering , as well as the Faraday Institution (grant number EP/S003053/1 , FIRG003 & FIRG025 ), the Innovate UK THT project (grant number 105297 ), the Innovate UK BATMAN project (grant number 491 104180 ) and the Innovate UK CoRuBa project ( 133369 ).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors

Keywords

Battery heat generation
Battery thermal management
Cell cooling coefficient
Cylindrical base cooling
Cylindrical lithium-ion cell
Lithium-ion battery

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1016/j.est.2022.105217Licence: CC BY

Handle.net

Persistent link

Cite this

@article{8ff280e963f043909358f038a1895f74,

title = "Thermal evaluation of lithium-ion batteries: Defining the cylindrical cell cooling coefficient",

abstract = "Managing temperatures of lithium-ion cells in battery packs is crucial to ensuring their safe operation. However, thermal information provided on typical cell datasheets is insufficient to identify which cells can be easily thermally managed. The Cell Cooling Coefficient (CCC) aims to fill this gap, as a metric that defines the thermal dissipation from a cell when rejecting its own heat. While the CCC has been defined and used for pouch cells, no similar measure has been proven for cylindrical cells. This work successfully defines and measures the CCC for cylindrical cells under base cooling (CCCBase), defined as the heat rejected through the base divided by the temperature difference from the base to positive cap. Using a non-standard, electrically optimised connection, the maxima for CCCBase of an LG M50T (21700) and Samsung 30Q (18650) cell are successfully measured to be 0.139 and 0.115 W K−1, respectively. Even though the 21700 has a higher CCCBase, indicating that the cell can be cooled more efficiently, comparing the CCCBase per area the 18650 can reject 13 \% more heat for a given cooled area. A worked example demonstrates the equal importance of understanding heat generation alongside the CCC, for both cell design and down selecting cells.",

keywords = "Battery heat generation, Battery thermal management, Cell cooling coefficient, Cylindrical base cooling, Cylindrical lithium-ion cell, Lithium-ion battery",

author = "Marzook, \{M. Waseem\} and Alastair Hales and Yatish Patel and Gregory Offer and Monica Marinescu",

note = "Funding Information: This work was generously supported via an EPSRC CASE (grant number EP/R513052/1) award by Williams Advanced Engineering, as well as the Faraday Institution (grant number EP/S003053/1, FIRG003 \& FIRG025), the Innovate UK THT project (grant number 105297), the Innovate UK BATMAN project (grant number 491 104180) and the Innovate UK CoRuBa project (133369). For the purpose of open access, the author(s) has applied a creative commons attribution (CC BY) licence (where permitted by UKRI, {\textquoteleft}open government licence{\textquoteright} or {\textquoteleft}creative commons attribution no-derivatives (CC BY-ND) licence{\textquoteright} may be stated instead) to any author accepted manuscript version arising. Funding Information: This work was generously supported via an EPSRC CASE (grant number EP/R513052/1 ) award by Williams Advanced Engineering , as well as the Faraday Institution (grant number EP/S003053/1 , FIRG003 \& FIRG025 ), the Innovate UK THT project (grant number 105297 ), the Innovate UK BATMAN project (grant number 491 104180 ) and the Innovate UK CoRuBa project ( 133369 ). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Authors",

year = "2022",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1016/j.est.2022.105217",

language = "English",

volume = "54",

journal = "Journal of Energy Storage",

issn = "2352-152X",

publisher = "Elsevier",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Thermal evaluation of lithium-ion batteries

T2 - Defining the cylindrical cell cooling coefficient

AU - Marzook, M. Waseem

AU - Hales, Alastair

AU - Patel, Yatish

AU - Offer, Gregory

AU - Marinescu, Monica

N1 - Funding Information: This work was generously supported via an EPSRC CASE (grant number EP/R513052/1) award by Williams Advanced Engineering, as well as the Faraday Institution (grant number EP/S003053/1, FIRG003 & FIRG025), the Innovate UK THT project (grant number 105297), the Innovate UK BATMAN project (grant number 491 104180) and the Innovate UK CoRuBa project (133369). For the purpose of open access, the author(s) has applied a creative commons attribution (CC BY) licence (where permitted by UKRI, ‘open government licence’ or ‘creative commons attribution no-derivatives (CC BY-ND) licence’ may be stated instead) to any author accepted manuscript version arising. Funding Information: This work was generously supported via an EPSRC CASE (grant number EP/R513052/1 ) award by Williams Advanced Engineering , as well as the Faraday Institution (grant number EP/S003053/1 , FIRG003 & FIRG025 ), the Innovate UK THT project (grant number 105297 ), the Innovate UK BATMAN project (grant number 491 104180 ) and the Innovate UK CoRuBa project ( 133369 ). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors

PY - 2022/10

Y1 - 2022/10

N2 - Managing temperatures of lithium-ion cells in battery packs is crucial to ensuring their safe operation. However, thermal information provided on typical cell datasheets is insufficient to identify which cells can be easily thermally managed. The Cell Cooling Coefficient (CCC) aims to fill this gap, as a metric that defines the thermal dissipation from a cell when rejecting its own heat. While the CCC has been defined and used for pouch cells, no similar measure has been proven for cylindrical cells. This work successfully defines and measures the CCC for cylindrical cells under base cooling (CCCBase), defined as the heat rejected through the base divided by the temperature difference from the base to positive cap. Using a non-standard, electrically optimised connection, the maxima for CCCBase of an LG M50T (21700) and Samsung 30Q (18650) cell are successfully measured to be 0.139 and 0.115 W K−1, respectively. Even though the 21700 has a higher CCCBase, indicating that the cell can be cooled more efficiently, comparing the CCCBase per area the 18650 can reject 13 % more heat for a given cooled area. A worked example demonstrates the equal importance of understanding heat generation alongside the CCC, for both cell design and down selecting cells.

AB - Managing temperatures of lithium-ion cells in battery packs is crucial to ensuring their safe operation. However, thermal information provided on typical cell datasheets is insufficient to identify which cells can be easily thermally managed. The Cell Cooling Coefficient (CCC) aims to fill this gap, as a metric that defines the thermal dissipation from a cell when rejecting its own heat. While the CCC has been defined and used for pouch cells, no similar measure has been proven for cylindrical cells. This work successfully defines and measures the CCC for cylindrical cells under base cooling (CCCBase), defined as the heat rejected through the base divided by the temperature difference from the base to positive cap. Using a non-standard, electrically optimised connection, the maxima for CCCBase of an LG M50T (21700) and Samsung 30Q (18650) cell are successfully measured to be 0.139 and 0.115 W K−1, respectively. Even though the 21700 has a higher CCCBase, indicating that the cell can be cooled more efficiently, comparing the CCCBase per area the 18650 can reject 13 % more heat for a given cooled area. A worked example demonstrates the equal importance of understanding heat generation alongside the CCC, for both cell design and down selecting cells.

KW - Battery heat generation

KW - Battery thermal management

KW - Cell cooling coefficient

KW - Cylindrical base cooling

KW - Cylindrical lithium-ion cell

KW - Lithium-ion battery

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85133928634

U2 - 10.1016/j.est.2022.105217

DO - 10.1016/j.est.2022.105217

M3 - Article (Academic Journal)

AN - SCOPUS:85133928634

SN - 2352-152X

VL - 54

JO - Journal of Energy Storage

JF - Journal of Energy Storage

M1 - 105217

ER -

Thermal evaluation of lithium-ion batteries: Defining the cylindrical cell cooling coefficient

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Handle.net

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this