Transport, associated handling procedures, conditions and behaviour of calves marketed through Chilean auction markets

Abstract: In Chile selling animals through, are livestockauction markets is common. At auction markets, stressful events like loading, unloading and travel, are at least duplicated. We described the procedures associated with transport of calves at 20 markets and evaluated compliance with the current Chilean law by performing. Aa survey for drivers who transport calves from origin farms to markets (OM) and from markets to destination farms (MD). During loading and unloading we evaluated, handling by stockpersons, facilities, and fitness for transport and behavioural indicators of the calves through direct observation using protocols. 80% of drivers claimed having the training required by law. The mean travel time was 1 h 31 min for OM and 1 h 44 min for MD journeys (overall range 5 min - 40.5 h). Most drivers used bedding material and provided adequate space availability. Also, m99.2% ost of the observed calves were assessed as being fit to transport; slipping, turning back, vocalizing and balking were frequent behaviours observed during loading and unloading. . Prohibited practices like pricking and hitting calves with driving devices were still observed, mainly higher during loading. Compliance with the law during transport of calves was adhered to, however associated handling procedures within markets areis still inadequate, evidencing need of training in order to improve animal welfare.