Ultrasound machine ‘knobology’

Being a ‘real time’ imaging modality, ultrasound images are almost always interpreted by the operator at the time of examination. Obtaining optimal image quality throughout the scan is therefore essential to maximise the clinical information that can be obtained. This article aims to discuss the main control features that are likely to be present on most machines, such as gain, depth and focal points, as well as some other options that may be available to the operator, such as tissue harmonic imaging and speckle reduction. Examples of different settings are shown, with reference to how they may be optimised to obtain the best possible image quality.