Understanding the mechanisms underlying cognitive control in psychosis

R Maitra; I L J Lemmers-Jansen; M Vooren; Lucy Vanes; Timea Szentgyorgyi; Charlotte Crisp; Elias Mouchlianitis; S S Shergill

doi:10.1017/S0033291724001119

Understanding the mechanisms underlying cognitive control in psychosis

R Maitra^*, I L J Lemmers-Jansen, M Vooren, Lucy Vanes, Timea Szentgyorgyi, Charlotte Crisp, Elias Mouchlianitis, S S Shergill

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cognitive control (CC) involves a top-down mechanism to flexibly respond to complex stimuli and is impaired in schizophrenia.

METHODS: This study investigated the impact of increasing complexity of CC processing in 140 subjects with psychosis and 39 healthy adults, with assessments of behavioral performance, neural regions of interest and symptom severity.

RESULTS: The lowest level of CC (Stroop task) was impaired in all patients; the intermediate level of CC (Faces task) with explicit emotional information was most impaired in patients with first episode psychosis. Patients showed activation of distinct neural CC and reward networks, but iterative learning based on the higher-order of CC during the trust game, was most impaired in chronic schizophrenia. Subjects with first episode psychosis, and patients with lower symptom load, demonstrate flexibility of the CC network to facilitate learning, which appeared compromised in the more chronic stages of schizophrenia.

CONCLUSION: These data suggest optimal windows for opportunities to introduce therapeutic interventions to improve CC.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1-10
Number of pages	10
Journal	Psychological Medicine
Early online date	23 May 2024
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291724001119
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 23 May 2024

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Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press.

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title = "Understanding the mechanisms underlying cognitive control in psychosis",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Cognitive control (CC) involves a top-down mechanism to flexibly respond to complex stimuli and is impaired in schizophrenia.METHODS: This study investigated the impact of increasing complexity of CC processing in 140 subjects with psychosis and 39 healthy adults, with assessments of behavioral performance, neural regions of interest and symptom severity.RESULTS: The lowest level of CC (Stroop task) was impaired in all patients; the intermediate level of CC (Faces task) with explicit emotional information was most impaired in patients with first episode psychosis. Patients showed activation of distinct neural CC and reward networks, but iterative learning based on the higher-order of CC during the trust game, was most impaired in chronic schizophrenia. Subjects with first episode psychosis, and patients with lower symptom load, demonstrate flexibility of the CC network to facilitate learning, which appeared compromised in the more chronic stages of schizophrenia.CONCLUSION: These data suggest optimal windows for opportunities to introduce therapeutic interventions to improve CC.",

author = "R Maitra and Lemmers-Jansen, {I L J} and M Vooren and Lucy Vanes and Timea Szentgyorgyi and Charlotte Crisp and Elias Mouchlianitis and Shergill, {S S}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: Copyright {\textcopyright} The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press.",

year = "2024",

month = may,

day = "23",

doi = "10.1017/S0033291724001119",

language = "English",

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journal = "Psychological Medicine",

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T1 - Understanding the mechanisms underlying cognitive control in psychosis

AU - Maitra, R

AU - Lemmers-Jansen, I L J

AU - Vooren, M

AU - Vanes, Lucy

AU - Szentgyorgyi, Timea

AU - Crisp, Charlotte

AU - Mouchlianitis, Elias

AU - Shergill, S S

PY - 2024/5/23

Y1 - 2024/5/23

N2 - BACKGROUND: Cognitive control (CC) involves a top-down mechanism to flexibly respond to complex stimuli and is impaired in schizophrenia.METHODS: This study investigated the impact of increasing complexity of CC processing in 140 subjects with psychosis and 39 healthy adults, with assessments of behavioral performance, neural regions of interest and symptom severity.RESULTS: The lowest level of CC (Stroop task) was impaired in all patients; the intermediate level of CC (Faces task) with explicit emotional information was most impaired in patients with first episode psychosis. Patients showed activation of distinct neural CC and reward networks, but iterative learning based on the higher-order of CC during the trust game, was most impaired in chronic schizophrenia. Subjects with first episode psychosis, and patients with lower symptom load, demonstrate flexibility of the CC network to facilitate learning, which appeared compromised in the more chronic stages of schizophrenia.CONCLUSION: These data suggest optimal windows for opportunities to introduce therapeutic interventions to improve CC.

AB - BACKGROUND: Cognitive control (CC) involves a top-down mechanism to flexibly respond to complex stimuli and is impaired in schizophrenia.METHODS: This study investigated the impact of increasing complexity of CC processing in 140 subjects with psychosis and 39 healthy adults, with assessments of behavioral performance, neural regions of interest and symptom severity.RESULTS: The lowest level of CC (Stroop task) was impaired in all patients; the intermediate level of CC (Faces task) with explicit emotional information was most impaired in patients with first episode psychosis. Patients showed activation of distinct neural CC and reward networks, but iterative learning based on the higher-order of CC during the trust game, was most impaired in chronic schizophrenia. Subjects with first episode psychosis, and patients with lower symptom load, demonstrate flexibility of the CC network to facilitate learning, which appeared compromised in the more chronic stages of schizophrenia.CONCLUSION: These data suggest optimal windows for opportunities to introduce therapeutic interventions to improve CC.

U2 - 10.1017/S0033291724001119

DO - 10.1017/S0033291724001119

M3 - Article (Academic Journal)

C2 - 38780379

SN - 0033-2917

SP - 1

EP - 10

JO - Psychological Medicine

JF - Psychological Medicine

ER -

Understanding the mechanisms underlying cognitive control in psychosis

Abstract

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