Universal bound to the amplitude of the vortex Nernst signal in superconductors

Carl Willem Rischau; Luke Li; Benoit J S Fauque; Hisashi Inoue; Minu Kim; Christopher Bell; Harold Y. Hwang; Aharon Kapitulnik; Kamran Behnia

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.077001

Universal bound to the amplitude of the vortex Nernst signal in superconductors

Carl Willem Rischau
, Luke Li
, Benoit J S Fauque
, Hisashi Inoue
, Minu Kim
, Christopher Bell
, Harold Y. Hwang
, Aharon Kapitulnik
, Kamran Behnia

School of Physics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Letter (Academic Journal) › peer-review

14 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

A liquid of superconducting vortices generates a transverse thermoelectric response. This Nernst signal has a tail deep in the normal state due to superconducting ﬂuctuations. Here, we present a study of the Nernst eﬀect in two-dimensional hetero-structures of Nb-doped strontium titanate (STO) and in amorphous MoGe. The Nernst signal generated by ephemeral Cooper pairs above the critical temperature has the magnitude expected by theory in STO. On the other hand, the peak amplitude of the vortex Nernst signal below Tc is comparable in both and in numerous other superconductors despite the large distribution of the critical temperature and the critical magnetic ﬁelds. In four superconductors belonging to diﬀerent families, the maximum Nernst signal corresponds to an entropy per vortex per layer of ≈ kBln2.

Original language	English
Article number	077001
Journal	Physical Review Letters
Volume	126
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.077001
Publication status	Published - 16 Feb 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We thank H. Aubin, M. V. Feigel’man, S. A. Hartnoll, S. A. Kivelson K. Trachenko A. A. Varlamov, and G. E. Volovik for discussions. C. W. R. acknowledges the support of Fonds-ESPCI, Paris. This work was supported by a ‘QuantEmX’ Exchange Awards at Stanford University (K. B.) and at ESPCI (A. K.), by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-18-CE92-0020-01; ANR-19-CE30-0014-04) and by Jeunes Equipes de l’Institut de Physique du Collège de France. H. I., M. K., C. B., and H. Y. H. were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. A. K. was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No. NSF-DMR-1808385.

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© 2021 American Physical Society.

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title = "Universal bound to the amplitude of the vortex Nernst signal in superconductors",

abstract = "A liquid of superconducting vortices generates a transverse thermoelectric response. This Nernst signal has a tail deep in the normal state due to superconducting ﬂuctuations. Here, we present a study of the Nernst eﬀect in two-dimensional hetero-structures of Nb-doped strontium titanate (STO) and in amorphous MoGe. The Nernst signal generated by ephemeral Cooper pairs above the critical temperature has the magnitude expected by theory in STO. On the other hand, the peak amplitude of the vortex Nernst signal below Tc is comparable in both and in numerous other superconductors despite the large distribution of the critical temperature and the critical magnetic ﬁelds. In four superconductors belonging to diﬀerent families, the maximum Nernst signal corresponds to an entropy per vortex per layer of ≈ kBln2. ",

author = "Rischau, \{Carl Willem\} and Luke Li and Fauque, \{Benoit J S\} and Hisashi Inoue and Minu Kim and Christopher Bell and Hwang, \{Harold Y.\} and Aharon Kapitulnik and Kamran Behnia",

note = "Funding Information: We thank H. Aubin, M. V. Feigel{\textquoteright}man, S. A. Hartnoll, S. A. Kivelson K. Trachenko A. A. Varlamov, and G. E. Volovik for discussions. C. W. R. acknowledges the support of Fonds-ESPCI, Paris. This work was supported by a {\textquoteleft}QuantEmX{\textquoteright} Exchange Awards at Stanford University (K. B.) and at ESPCI (A. K.), by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-18-CE92-0020-01; ANR-19-CE30-0014-04) and by Jeunes Equipes de l{\textquoteright}Institut de Physique du Coll{\`e}ge de France. H. I., M. K., C. B., and H. Y. H. were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. A. K. was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No. NSF-DMR-1808385. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 American Physical Society.",

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T1 - Universal bound to the amplitude of the vortex Nernst signal in superconductors

AU - Rischau, Carl Willem

AU - Li, Luke

AU - Fauque, Benoit J S

AU - Inoue, Hisashi

AU - Kim, Minu

AU - Bell, Christopher

AU - Hwang, Harold Y.

AU - Kapitulnik, Aharon

AU - Behnia, Kamran

N1 - Funding Information: We thank H. Aubin, M. V. Feigel’man, S. A. Hartnoll, S. A. Kivelson K. Trachenko A. A. Varlamov, and G. E. Volovik for discussions. C. W. R. acknowledges the support of Fonds-ESPCI, Paris. This work was supported by a ‘QuantEmX’ Exchange Awards at Stanford University (K. B.) and at ESPCI (A. K.), by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-18-CE92-0020-01; ANR-19-CE30-0014-04) and by Jeunes Equipes de l’Institut de Physique du Collège de France. H. I., M. K., C. B., and H. Y. H. were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering, under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. A. K. was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No. NSF-DMR-1808385. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 American Physical Society.

PY - 2021/2/16

Y1 - 2021/2/16

N2 - A liquid of superconducting vortices generates a transverse thermoelectric response. This Nernst signal has a tail deep in the normal state due to superconducting ﬂuctuations. Here, we present a study of the Nernst eﬀect in two-dimensional hetero-structures of Nb-doped strontium titanate (STO) and in amorphous MoGe. The Nernst signal generated by ephemeral Cooper pairs above the critical temperature has the magnitude expected by theory in STO. On the other hand, the peak amplitude of the vortex Nernst signal below Tc is comparable in both and in numerous other superconductors despite the large distribution of the critical temperature and the critical magnetic ﬁelds. In four superconductors belonging to diﬀerent families, the maximum Nernst signal corresponds to an entropy per vortex per layer of ≈ kBln2.

AB - A liquid of superconducting vortices generates a transverse thermoelectric response. This Nernst signal has a tail deep in the normal state due to superconducting ﬂuctuations. Here, we present a study of the Nernst eﬀect in two-dimensional hetero-structures of Nb-doped strontium titanate (STO) and in amorphous MoGe. The Nernst signal generated by ephemeral Cooper pairs above the critical temperature has the magnitude expected by theory in STO. On the other hand, the peak amplitude of the vortex Nernst signal below Tc is comparable in both and in numerous other superconductors despite the large distribution of the critical temperature and the critical magnetic ﬁelds. In four superconductors belonging to diﬀerent families, the maximum Nernst signal corresponds to an entropy per vortex per layer of ≈ kBln2.

U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.077001

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.077001

M3 - Letter (Academic Journal)

C2 - 33666461

SN - 0031-9007

VL - 126

JO - Physical Review Letters

JF - Physical Review Letters

IS - 7

M1 - 077001

ER -

Universal bound to the amplitude of the vortex Nernst signal in superconductors

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