Universal linear optics

Jacques Carolan; Christopher Harrold; Chris Sparrow; Enrique Martin Lopez; Nick Russell; Josh Silverstone; Peter Shadbolt; Nobuyuki Matsuda; Manabu Ogama; Mikitaka Itoh; Graham Marshall; Mark Thompson; Jonathan Matthews; Toshikazu Hashimoto; Jeremy O'Brien; Anthony Laing

doi:10.1126/science.aab3642

Universal linear optics

Jacques Carolan, Christopher Harrold, Chris Sparrow, Enrique Martin Lopez, Nick Russell, Josh Silverstone, Peter Shadbolt, Nobuyuki Matsuda, Manabu Ogama, Mikitaka Itoh, Graham Marshall, Mark Thompson, Jonathan Matthews, Toshikazu Hashimoto, Jeremy O'Brien, Anthony Laing

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article (Academic Journal) › peer-review

845 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

Linear optics underpins fundamental tests of quantum mechanics and quantum technologies. We demonstrate a single reprogrammable optical circuit that is sufficient to implement all possible linear optical protocols up to the size of that circuit. Our six-mode universal system consists of a cascade of 15 Mach-Zehnder interferometers with 30 thermo-optic phase shifters integrated into a single photonic chip that is electrically and optically interfaced for arbitrary setting of all phase shifters, input of up to six photons, and their measurement with a 12-single-photon detector system. We programmed this system to implement heralded quantum logic and entangling gates, boson sampling with verification tests, and six-dimensional complex Hadamards. We implemented 100 Haar random unitaries with an average fidelity of 0.999 ± 0.001. Our system can be rapidly reprogrammed to implement these and any other linear optical protocol, pointing the way to applications across fundamental science and quantum technologies.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	711-716
Number of pages	6
Journal	Science
Volume	349
Issue number	6249
Early online date	9 Jul 2015
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aab3642
Publication status	Published - 14 Aug 2015

Bibliographical note

The authors acknowledge support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), the European Research Council (ERC), including BBOI, QUCHIP (H2020-FETPROACT-3-2014: Quantum simulation), PIQUE (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN), the Centre for Nanoscience and Quantum Information (NSQI), the U.S. Army Research Office (ARO) grant W911NF-14-1-0133, and the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR). J.C.F.M. was supported by a Leverhulme Trust Early Career Fellowship. J.L.O’B. acknowledges a Royal Society Wolfson Merit Award and a Royal Academy of Engineering Chair in Emerging Technologies.

Structured keywords

Bristol Quantum Information Institute
QETLabs
Photonics and Quantum

Keywords

Reprogrammable Optical Chip
Linear Optics
QUANTUM CIRCUITS

Access to Document

10.1126/science.aab3642

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Persistent link

QComms: UK Quantum Technology Hub for Quantum Communication Technologies (via York)
Rarity, J. G., Thompson, M. G., Erven, C., Laing, A., Nejabati, R., Simeonidou, D., Lowndes, D. L. D., Kennard, J. E., Hugues Salas, E., Hart, A. S., Collins, R. L., Ntavou, F., Borghi, M., Joshi, S. K. & Aktas, D. V. C.
1/12/14 → 30/11/19
Project: Research, Parent
Programme Grant: Engineering Photonic Quantum Technologies.
Rarity, J. G., O'Brien, J. L., Thompson, M. G., Erven, C., Sahin, D., Marshall, G. D., Barreto, J., Jiang, P., McCutcheon, W. D., Silverstone, J. W., Sinclair, G. F., Kling, L., Banerjee, A., Wang, J., Santagati, R., Borghi, M., Woodland, E. M., Mawdsley, H. C. M. & Faruque, I. I.
16/06/14 → 15/06/19
Project: Research, Parent
Quantum Optics for Integrated Photonic Technologies
Rarity, J. G.
16/06/14 → 15/06/19
Project: Research

Professor Anthony Laing
- Anthony.Laingbristol.acuk
- School of Physics - Professor of Physics
- QET Labs
Person: Academic , Member
Professor Jonathan C F Matthews
- Jonathan.Matthewsbristol.acuk
- School of Physics - Professor of Quantum Photonics
- QET Labs
Person: Academic , Member

Cite this

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title = "Universal linear optics",

abstract = "Linear optics underpins fundamental tests of quantum mechanics and quantum technologies. We demonstrate a single reprogrammable optical circuit that is sufficient to implement all possible linear optical protocols up to the size of that circuit. Our six-mode universal system consists of a cascade of 15 Mach-Zehnder interferometers with 30 thermo-optic phase shifters integrated into a single photonic chip that is electrically and optically interfaced for arbitrary setting of all phase shifters, input of up to six photons, and their measurement with a 12-single-photon detector system. We programmed this system to implement heralded quantum logic and entangling gates, boson sampling with verification tests, and six-dimensional complex Hadamards. We implemented 100 Haar random unitaries with an average fidelity of 0.999 ± 0.001. Our system can be rapidly reprogrammed to implement these and any other linear optical protocol, pointing the way to applications across fundamental science and quantum technologies.",

keywords = "Reprogrammable Optical Chip, Linear Optics, QUANTUM CIRCUITS",

author = "Jacques Carolan and Christopher Harrold and Chris Sparrow and {Martin Lopez}, Enrique and Nick Russell and Josh Silverstone and Peter Shadbolt and Nobuyuki Matsuda and Manabu Ogama and Mikitaka Itoh and Graham Marshall and Mark Thompson and Jonathan Matthews and Toshikazu Hashimoto and Jeremy O'Brien and Anthony Laing",

note = "The authors acknowledge support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), the European Research Council (ERC), including BBOI, QUCHIP (H2020-FETPROACT-3-2014: Quantum simulation), PIQUE (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN), the Centre for Nanoscience and Quantum Information (NSQI), the U.S. Army Research Office (ARO) grant W911NF-14-1-0133, and the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR). J.C.F.M. was supported by a Leverhulme Trust Early Career Fellowship. J.L.O{\textquoteright}B. acknowledges a Royal Society Wolfson Merit Award and a Royal Academy of Engineering Chair in Emerging Technologies.",

year = "2015",

month = aug,

day = "14",

doi = "10.1126/science.aab3642",

language = "English",

volume = "349",

pages = "711--716",

journal = "Science",

issn = "0036-8075",

publisher = "American Association for the Advancement of Science",

number = "6249",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Universal linear optics

AU - Carolan, Jacques

AU - Harrold, Christopher

AU - Sparrow, Chris

AU - Martin Lopez, Enrique

AU - Russell, Nick

AU - Silverstone, Josh

AU - Shadbolt, Peter

AU - Matsuda, Nobuyuki

AU - Ogama, Manabu

AU - Itoh, Mikitaka

AU - Marshall, Graham

AU - Thompson, Mark

AU - Matthews, Jonathan

AU - Hashimoto, Toshikazu

AU - O'Brien, Jeremy

AU - Laing, Anthony

N1 - The authors acknowledge support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), the European Research Council (ERC), including BBOI, QUCHIP (H2020-FETPROACT-3-2014: Quantum simulation), PIQUE (FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN), the Centre for Nanoscience and Quantum Information (NSQI), the U.S. Army Research Office (ARO) grant W911NF-14-1-0133, and the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR). J.C.F.M. was supported by a Leverhulme Trust Early Career Fellowship. J.L.O’B. acknowledges a Royal Society Wolfson Merit Award and a Royal Academy of Engineering Chair in Emerging Technologies.

PY - 2015/8/14

Y1 - 2015/8/14

N2 - Linear optics underpins fundamental tests of quantum mechanics and quantum technologies. We demonstrate a single reprogrammable optical circuit that is sufficient to implement all possible linear optical protocols up to the size of that circuit. Our six-mode universal system consists of a cascade of 15 Mach-Zehnder interferometers with 30 thermo-optic phase shifters integrated into a single photonic chip that is electrically and optically interfaced for arbitrary setting of all phase shifters, input of up to six photons, and their measurement with a 12-single-photon detector system. We programmed this system to implement heralded quantum logic and entangling gates, boson sampling with verification tests, and six-dimensional complex Hadamards. We implemented 100 Haar random unitaries with an average fidelity of 0.999 ± 0.001. Our system can be rapidly reprogrammed to implement these and any other linear optical protocol, pointing the way to applications across fundamental science and quantum technologies.

AB - Linear optics underpins fundamental tests of quantum mechanics and quantum technologies. We demonstrate a single reprogrammable optical circuit that is sufficient to implement all possible linear optical protocols up to the size of that circuit. Our six-mode universal system consists of a cascade of 15 Mach-Zehnder interferometers with 30 thermo-optic phase shifters integrated into a single photonic chip that is electrically and optically interfaced for arbitrary setting of all phase shifters, input of up to six photons, and their measurement with a 12-single-photon detector system. We programmed this system to implement heralded quantum logic and entangling gates, boson sampling with verification tests, and six-dimensional complex Hadamards. We implemented 100 Haar random unitaries with an average fidelity of 0.999 ± 0.001. Our system can be rapidly reprogrammed to implement these and any other linear optical protocol, pointing the way to applications across fundamental science and quantum technologies.

KW - Reprogrammable Optical Chip

KW - Linear Optics

KW - QUANTUM CIRCUITS

U2 - 10.1126/science.aab3642

DO - 10.1126/science.aab3642

M3 - Article (Academic Journal)

C2 - 26160375

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 349

SP - 711

EP - 716

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 6249

ER -

Universal linear optics

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Structured keywords

Keywords

Access to Document

Handle.net

Fingerprint

Projects

QComms: UK Quantum Technology Hub for Quantum Communication Technologies (via York)

Programme Grant: Engineering Photonic Quantum Technologies.

Quantum Optics for Integrated Photonic Technologies

Profiles

Professor Anthony Laing

Professor Jonathan C F Matthews

Cite this