Virus immunocapture provides evidence of CD8 lymphocyte-derived HIV-1 in vivo

GJ Hughes, SJ Willey, A Cochrane, C Leen, JE Bell, P Simmonds

Research output: Contribution to journalArticle (Academic Journal)peer-review

8 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Objectives: To demonstrate that HIV-1 immunocapture with an antibody against CD8 specifically captures virions derived from infected CD8 T cells, and to determine the proportion of HIV-1 derived from CD8 lymphocytes in plasma samples from HIV-infected individuals. Methods: A virus capture method was developed to enable the detection of HIV-1 virions based upon the presence of certain cell-specific host-derived proteins (CD8, CD3, CD36) within the viral envelope. HIV-1 virions were captured using antibodies against these proteins and levels of bound virus were determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction. Highly pure CD8 and CD3+CD8- T-cell cultures were used as in-vitro models to determine the specificity of the virus capture technique. Results: The in-vitro model demonstrates that incorporation of the CD8 molecule into released virions is specific to infection of CD8 T cells. Levels of HIV-1 immunocaptured from plasma of infected individuals using the anti-CD8 antibody indicate that up to 15% (range 10–33) of the plasma viral load is derived from CD8 lymphocytes. Conclusion: This study demonstrates for the first time that HIV-1-infected CD8 T cells can contribute substantially to levels of circulating virus during the course of infection. Levels of CD8-derived virus did not correlate with the level of infection of circulating CD8 T cells, but do show a significantly good fit to plasma viral loads based on a power model. The extensive infection of CD8 T cells implied by these results may contribute towards immune dysfunction and disease progression to AIDS.
Translated title of the contributionVirus immunocapture provides evidence of CD8 lymphocyte-derived HIV-1 in vivo
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1507 - 1513
Number of pages7
JournalAIDS
Volume21 (12)
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jul 2007

Bibliographical note

Publisher: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins

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